APE Price: $0.48 (+1.40%)

Contract Diff Checker

Contract Name:
ReserveManager

Contract Source Code:

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/security/ReentrancyGuard.sol";
import "openzeppelin-contracts/contracts/token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IApeFinance.sol";
import "../../interfaces/IBurner.sol";
import "../../libraries/DataTypes.sol";
import "../../libraries/PauseFlags.sol";

contract ReserveManager is Ownable, ReentrancyGuard {
    using SafeERC20 for IERC20;
    using PauseFlags for DataTypes.MarketConfig;

    /// @notice The maximum ratio
    uint16 internal constant MAX_RATIO = 10000; // 100%

    /// @notice The maximum reserve factor
    uint16 internal constant MAX_RESERVE_FACTOR = 10000; // 100%

    /// @notice The ApeFinance contract
    IApeFinance public immutable apeFinance;

    /// @notice The USDB token address
    address public immutable apeUSD;

    /// @notice The operator address
    address public operator;

    /// @notice The treasury address
    address public treasury;

    /// @notice The fee distribution address
    address public feeDist;

    /// @notice The ratio of the reserves to reduce
    uint16 public reduceRatio;

    /// @notice The revenue sharing ratio
    uint16 public revenueSharingRatio;

    /// @notice The reserves snapshot of each market
    mapping(address => uint256) public reservesSnapshots;

    struct Burner {
        bool manualBurn;
        address burner;
    }

    /// @notice The burners of each market
    mapping(address => Burner) public burners;

    event OperatorSet(address operator);

    event TokenSeized(address token, uint256 amount);

    event ReduceRatioSet(uint16 oldRatio, uint16 newRatio);

    event RevenueSharingRatioSet(uint16 oldRatio, uint16 newRatio);

    event BurnerSet(address market, address burner);

    event TreasurySet(address treasury);

    event FeeDistSet(address feeDist);

    modifier onlyOperator() {
        _checkOperator();
        _;
    }

    constructor(address apeFinance_, address apeUSD_) {
        apeFinance = IApeFinance(apeFinance_);
        apeUSD = apeUSD_;

        reduceRatio = 5000; // 50%
        revenueSharingRatio = 7000; // 70%
    }

    /**
     * @notice Absorbs the excessive cash to the reserves.
     * @param markets The addresses of the markets
     */
    function absorbToReserves(address[] memory markets) external onlyOperator {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < markets.length;) {
            _absorbToReserves(markets[i]);

            unchecked {
                i++;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Reduces the reserves from ApeFinance.
     * @param markets The addresses of the markets
     */
    function reduceReserves(address[] memory markets) external onlyOperator {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < markets.length;) {
            address market = markets[i];

            _absorbToReserves(market);

            uint256 totalReserves = apeFinance.getTotalReserves(market);
            if (totalReserves > reservesSnapshots[market]) {
                uint256 reduceAmount = (totalReserves - reservesSnapshots[market]) * reduceRatio / 10000;

                _reduceReserves(market, reduceAmount, address(this));

                // Fetch total reserves again for updating the snapshot.
                reservesSnapshots[market] = apeFinance.getTotalReserves(market);
            }

            unchecked {
                i++;
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Reduces all the reserves from ApeFinance.
     * @dev The market must be soft delisted to reduce all the reserves.
     * @param market The address of the market
     */
    function reduceFullReserves(address market) external onlyOperator {
        DataTypes.MarketConfig memory config = apeFinance.getMarketConfiguration(market);
        bool isSoftDelisted =
            config.isSupplyPaused() && config.isBorrowPaused() && config.reserveFactor == MAX_RESERVE_FACTOR;
        require(isSoftDelisted, "market is not soft delisted");

        _absorbToReserves(market);

        uint256 totalReserves = apeFinance.getTotalReserves(market);

        _reduceReserves(market, totalReserves, address(this));

        delete reservesSnapshots[market];
    }

    struct ConvertParams {
        address token;
        uint256 amountIn;
        uint256 amountOutMin;
        bytes path;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Converts the reserves to USDB.
     * @param convertParams The parameters of the conversion
     * @param dispatch Whether to dispatch the USDB
     */
    function convertReserves(ConvertParams[] memory convertParams, bool dispatch) external nonReentrant onlyOperator {
        for (uint256 i = 0; i < convertParams.length;) {
            address token = convertParams[i].token;
            Burner memory b = burners[token];

            require(b.burner != address(0), "burner not found");
            if (b.manualBurn) {
                // Send the reserves to the manual burner directly.
                IERC20(token).safeTransfer(b.burner, convertParams[i].amountIn);
            } else {
                IERC20(token).safeIncreaseAllowance(b.burner, convertParams[i].amountIn);

                // Convert the reserves to USDB.
                IBurner(b.burner).burn(
                    token, convertParams[i].amountIn, convertParams[i].amountOutMin, convertParams[i].path
                );
            }

            unchecked {
                i++;
            }
        }

        if (dispatch) {
            _dispatch();
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Dispatches the USDB to the fee distribution contract and the treasury.
     */
    function dispatchRewards() external onlyOperator {
        _dispatch();
    }

    /* ========== RESTRICTED FUNCTIONS ========== */

    /**
     * @notice Sets the operator address
     * @param _operator The operator address
     */
    function setOperator(address _operator) external onlyOwner {
        operator = _operator;

        emit OperatorSet(_operator);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Seize the token from the contract.
     * @param token The address of the token
     * @param amount The amount to seize
     * @param recipient The address of the recipient
     */
    function seize(address token, uint256 amount, address recipient) external onlyOwner {
        IERC20(token).safeTransfer(recipient, amount);
        emit TokenSeized(token, amount);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Set the reduce ratio.
     * @param newRatio The new ratio
     */
    function setReduceRatio(uint16 newRatio) external onlyOwner {
        require(newRatio <= MAX_RATIO, "invalid ratio");

        uint16 oldRatio = reduceRatio;
        reduceRatio = newRatio;
        emit ReduceRatioSet(oldRatio, newRatio);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Set the revenue sharing ratio.
     * @param newRatio The new ratio
     */
    function setRevenueSharingRatio(uint16 newRatio) external onlyOwner {
        require(newRatio <= MAX_RATIO, "invalid ratio");

        uint16 oldRatio = revenueSharingRatio;
        revenueSharingRatio = newRatio;
        emit RevenueSharingRatioSet(oldRatio, newRatio);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Set the burner of the market.
     * @param market The address of the market
     * @param manualBurn Whether to manually burn the reserves
     * @param burner The address of the burner
     */
    function setBurner(address market, bool manualBurn, address burner) external onlyOwner {
        burners[market] = Burner({manualBurn: manualBurn, burner: burner});

        emit BurnerSet(market, burner);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Set the treasury address.
     * @param _treasury The address of the treasury
     */
    function setTreasury(address _treasury) external onlyOwner {
        treasury = _treasury;

        emit TreasurySet(_treasury);
    }

    /**
     * @notice Set the fee distribution address.
     * @param _feeDist The address of the fee distribution
     */
    function setFeeDist(address _feeDist) external onlyOwner {
        feeDist = _feeDist;

        emit FeeDistSet(_feeDist);
    }

    /* ========== INTERNAL FUNCTIONS ========== */

    /**
     * @dev Checks whether the caller is the operator.
     */
    function _checkOperator() internal view {
        require(msg.sender == operator, "caller is not the operator");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Absorbs the excessive cash to the reserves.
     * @param market The address of the market
     */
    function _absorbToReserves(address market) internal {
        apeFinance.absorbToReserves(market);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Reduces the reserves from ApeFinance.
     * @param market The address of the market
     * @param reduceAmount The amount to reduce
     * @param recipient The address of the recipient
     */
    function _reduceReserves(address market, uint256 reduceAmount, address recipient) internal {
        apeFinance.reduceReserves(market, reduceAmount, recipient);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Dispatches the USDB to the fee distribution contract and the treasury.
     */
    function _dispatch() internal {
        uint256 balance = IERC20(apeUSD).balanceOf(address(this));
        uint256 amountToDispatch = balance * revenueSharingRatio / 10000;
        uint256 amountToTreasury = balance - amountToDispatch;
        if (amountToDispatch > 0) {
            require(feeDist != address(0), "fee dist not set");
            IERC20(apeUSD).safeTransfer(feeDist, amountToDispatch);
        }
        if (amountToTreasury > 0) {
            require(treasury != address(0), "treasury not set");
            IERC20(apeUSD).safeTransfer(treasury, amountToTreasury);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (access/Ownable.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../utils/Context.sol";

/**
 * @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
 * there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
 * specific functions.
 *
 * By default, the owner account will be the one that deploys the contract. This
 * can later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
 *
 * This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
 * `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
 * the owner.
 */
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
    address private _owner;

    event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);

    /**
     * @dev Initializes the contract setting the deployer as the initial owner.
     */
    constructor() {
        _transferOwnership(_msgSender());
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
     */
    modifier onlyOwner() {
        _checkOwner();
        _;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
     */
    function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
        return _owner;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
     */
    function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
        require(owner() == _msgSender(), "Ownable: caller is not the owner");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
     * `onlyOwner` functions anymore. Can only be called by the current owner.
     *
     * NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
     * thereby removing any functionality that is only available to the owner.
     */
    function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
        _transferOwnership(address(0));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Can only be called by the current owner.
     */
    function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
        require(newOwner != address(0), "Ownable: new owner is the zero address");
        _transferOwnership(newOwner);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
     * Internal function without access restriction.
     */
    function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
        address oldOwner = _owner;
        _owner = newOwner;
        emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (security/ReentrancyGuard.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Contract module that helps prevent reentrant calls to a function.
 *
 * Inheriting from `ReentrancyGuard` will make the {nonReentrant} modifier
 * available, which can be applied to functions to make sure there are no nested
 * (reentrant) calls to them.
 *
 * Note that because there is a single `nonReentrant` guard, functions marked as
 * `nonReentrant` may not call one another. This can be worked around by making
 * those functions `private`, and then adding `external` `nonReentrant` entry
 * points to them.
 *
 * TIP: If you would like to learn more about reentrancy and alternative ways
 * to protect against it, check out our blog post
 * https://blog.openzeppelin.com/reentrancy-after-istanbul/[Reentrancy After Istanbul].
 */
abstract contract ReentrancyGuard {
    // Booleans are more expensive than uint256 or any type that takes up a full
    // word because each write operation emits an extra SLOAD to first read the
    // slot's contents, replace the bits taken up by the boolean, and then write
    // back. This is the compiler's defense against contract upgrades and
    // pointer aliasing, and it cannot be disabled.

    // The values being non-zero value makes deployment a bit more expensive,
    // but in exchange the refund on every call to nonReentrant will be lower in
    // amount. Since refunds are capped to a percentage of the total
    // transaction's gas, it is best to keep them low in cases like this one, to
    // increase the likelihood of the full refund coming into effect.
    uint256 private constant _NOT_ENTERED = 1;
    uint256 private constant _ENTERED = 2;

    uint256 private _status;

    constructor() {
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Prevents a contract from calling itself, directly or indirectly.
     * Calling a `nonReentrant` function from another `nonReentrant`
     * function is not supported. It is possible to prevent this from happening
     * by making the `nonReentrant` function external, and making it call a
     * `private` function that does the actual work.
     */
    modifier nonReentrant() {
        _nonReentrantBefore();
        _;
        _nonReentrantAfter();
    }

    function _nonReentrantBefore() private {
        // On the first call to nonReentrant, _status will be _NOT_ENTERED
        require(_status != _ENTERED, "ReentrancyGuard: reentrant call");

        // Any calls to nonReentrant after this point will fail
        _status = _ENTERED;
    }

    function _nonReentrantAfter() private {
        // By storing the original value once again, a refund is triggered (see
        // https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2200)
        _status = _NOT_ENTERED;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (token/ERC20/utils/SafeERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC20.sol";
import "../extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol";
import "../../../utils/Address.sol";

/**
 * @title SafeERC20
 * @dev Wrappers around ERC20 operations that throw on failure (when the token
 * contract returns false). Tokens that return no value (and instead revert or
 * throw on failure) are also supported, non-reverting calls are assumed to be
 * successful.
 * To use this library you can add a `using SafeERC20 for IERC20;` statement to your contract,
 * which allows you to call the safe operations as `token.safeTransfer(...)`, etc.
 */
library SafeERC20 {
    using Address for address;

    function safeTransfer(
        IERC20 token,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transfer.selector, to, value));
    }

    function safeTransferFrom(
        IERC20 token,
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.transferFrom.selector, from, to, value));
    }

    /**
     * @dev Deprecated. This function has issues similar to the ones found in
     * {IERC20-approve}, and its usage is discouraged.
     *
     * Whenever possible, use {safeIncreaseAllowance} and
     * {safeDecreaseAllowance} instead.
     */
    function safeApprove(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        // safeApprove should only be called when setting an initial allowance,
        // or when resetting it to zero. To increase and decrease it, use
        // 'safeIncreaseAllowance' and 'safeDecreaseAllowance'
        require(
            (value == 0) || (token.allowance(address(this), spender) == 0),
            "SafeERC20: approve from non-zero to non-zero allowance"
        );
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, value));
    }

    function safeIncreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        uint256 newAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender) + value;
        _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
    }

    function safeDecreaseAllowance(
        IERC20 token,
        address spender,
        uint256 value
    ) internal {
        unchecked {
            uint256 oldAllowance = token.allowance(address(this), spender);
            require(oldAllowance >= value, "SafeERC20: decreased allowance below zero");
            uint256 newAllowance = oldAllowance - value;
            _callOptionalReturn(token, abi.encodeWithSelector(token.approve.selector, spender, newAllowance));
        }
    }

    function safePermit(
        IERC20Permit token,
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) internal {
        uint256 nonceBefore = token.nonces(owner);
        token.permit(owner, spender, value, deadline, v, r, s);
        uint256 nonceAfter = token.nonces(owner);
        require(nonceAfter == nonceBefore + 1, "SafeERC20: permit did not succeed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Imitates a Solidity high-level call (i.e. a regular function call to a contract), relaxing the requirement
     * on the return value: the return value is optional (but if data is returned, it must not be false).
     * @param token The token targeted by the call.
     * @param data The call data (encoded using abi.encode or one of its variants).
     */
    function _callOptionalReturn(IERC20 token, bytes memory data) private {
        // We need to perform a low level call here, to bypass Solidity's return data size checking mechanism, since
        // we're implementing it ourselves. We use {Address-functionCall} to perform this call, which verifies that
        // the target address contains contract code and also asserts for success in the low-level call.

        bytes memory returndata = address(token).functionCall(data, "SafeERC20: low-level call failed");
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // Return data is optional
            require(abi.decode(returndata, (bool)), "SafeERC20: ERC20 operation did not succeed");
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../libraries/DataTypes.sol";

interface IApeFinance {
    /* ========== USER INTERFACES ========== */

    function accrueInterest(address market) external;

    function supply(address from, address to, address market, uint256 amount) external;

    function borrow(address from, address to, address asset, uint256 amount) external;

    function redeem(address from, address to, address asset, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256);

    function repay(address from, address to, address asset, uint256 amount) external returns (uint256);

    function liquidate(
        address liquidator,
        address borrower,
        address marketBorrow,
        address marketCollateral,
        uint256 repayAmount
    ) external returns (uint256, uint256);

    function deferLiquidityCheck(address user, bytes memory data) external;

    function getBorrowBalance(address user, address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getATokenBalance(address user, address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getSupplyBalance(address user, address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function isMarketListed(address market) external view returns (bool);

    function getExchangeRate(address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalSupply(address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalBorrow(address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalCash(address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getTotalReserves(address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getAccountLiquidity(address user) external view returns (uint256, uint256, uint256);

    function isAllowedExtension(address user, address extension) external view returns (bool);

    function transferAToken(address market, address from, address to, uint256 amount) external;

    function setSubAccountExtension(address primary, uint256 subAccountId, bool allowed) external;

    /* ========== MARKET CONFIGURATOR INTERFACES ========== */

    function getMarketConfiguration(address market) external view returns (DataTypes.MarketConfig memory);

    function listMarket(address market, DataTypes.MarketConfig calldata config) external;

    function delistMarket(address market) external;

    function setMarketConfiguration(address market, DataTypes.MarketConfig calldata config) external;

    /* ========== CREDIT LIMIT MANAGER INTERFACES ========== */

    function getCreditLimit(address user, address market) external view returns (uint256);

    function getUserCreditMarkets(address user) external view returns (address[] memory);

    function isCreditAccount(address user) external view returns (bool);

    function setCreditLimit(address user, address market, uint256 credit) external;

    /* ========== RESERVE MANAGER INTERFACES ========== */

    function absorbToReserves(address market) external;

    function reduceReserves(address market, uint256 aTokenAmount, address recipient) external;
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

interface IBurner {
    function burn(address token, uint256 amountIn, uint256 amountOutMin, bytes memory path)
        external
        returns (uint256 amountOut);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

library DataTypes {
    struct UserBorrow {
        uint256 borrowBalance;
        uint256 borrowIndex;
    }

    struct MarketConfig {
        // 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 1 = 12
        bool isListed;
        uint8 pauseFlags;
        uint16 collateralFactor;
        uint16 liquidationThreshold;
        uint16 liquidationBonus;
        uint16 reserveFactor;
        bool isPToken;
        bool isDelisted;
        // 20 + 20 + 20 + 32 + 32 + 32
        address aTokenAddress;
        address debtTokenAddress;
        address interestRateModelAddress;
        uint256 supplyCap;
        uint256 borrowCap;
        uint256 initialExchangeRate;
    }

    struct Market {
        MarketConfig config;
        uint40 lastUpdateTimestamp;
        uint256 totalCash;
        uint256 totalBorrow;
        uint256 totalSupply;
        uint256 totalReserves;
        uint256 borrowIndex;
        mapping(address => UserBorrow) userBorrows;
        mapping(address => uint256) userSupplies;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./DataTypes.sol";

library PauseFlags {
    /// @dev Mask for specific actions in the pause flag bit array
    uint8 internal constant PAUSE_SUPPLY_MASK = 0xFE;
    uint8 internal constant PAUSE_BORROW_MASK = 0xFD;
    uint8 internal constant PAUSE_TRANSFER_MASK = 0xFB;

    /// @dev Offsets for specific actions in the pause flag bit array
    uint8 internal constant PAUSE_SUPPLY_OFFSET = 0;
    uint8 internal constant PAUSE_BORROW_OFFSET = 1;
    uint8 internal constant PAUSE_TRANSFER_OFFSET = 2;

    /// @dev Sets the market supply paused.
    function setSupplyPaused(DataTypes.MarketConfig memory self, bool paused) internal pure {
        self.pauseFlags = (self.pauseFlags & PAUSE_SUPPLY_MASK) | (toUInt8(paused) << PAUSE_SUPPLY_OFFSET);
    }

    /// @dev Returns true if the market supply is paused, and false otherwise.
    function isSupplyPaused(DataTypes.MarketConfig memory self) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return toBool(self.pauseFlags & ~PAUSE_SUPPLY_MASK);
    }

    /// @dev Sets the market borrow paused.
    function setBorrowPaused(DataTypes.MarketConfig memory self, bool paused) internal pure {
        self.pauseFlags = (self.pauseFlags & PAUSE_BORROW_MASK) | (toUInt8(paused) << PAUSE_BORROW_OFFSET);
    }

    /// @dev Returns true if the market borrow is paused, and false otherwise.
    function isBorrowPaused(DataTypes.MarketConfig memory self) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return toBool(self.pauseFlags & ~PAUSE_BORROW_MASK);
    }

    /// @dev Sets the market transfer paused.
    function setTransferPaused(DataTypes.MarketConfig memory self, bool paused) internal pure {
        self.pauseFlags = (self.pauseFlags & PAUSE_TRANSFER_MASK) | (toUInt8(paused) << PAUSE_TRANSFER_OFFSET);
    }

    /// @dev Returns true if the market transfer is paused, and false otherwise.
    function isTransferPaused(DataTypes.MarketConfig memory self) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return toBool(self.pauseFlags & ~PAUSE_TRANSFER_MASK);
    }

    /// @dev Casts a boolean to uint8.
    function toUInt8(bool x) internal pure returns (uint8) {
        return x ? 1 : 0;
    }

    /// @dev Casts a uint8 to boolean.
    function toBool(uint8 x) internal pure returns (bool) {
        return x != 0;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/Context.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
 * sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
 * via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
 * manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
 * paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
 * is concerned).
 *
 * This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
 */
abstract contract Context {
    function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
        return msg.sender;
    }

    function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
        return msg.data;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.6.0) (token/ERC20/IERC20.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 standard as defined in the EIP.
 */
interface IERC20 {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `value` tokens are moved from one account (`from`) to
     * another (`to`).
     *
     * Note that `value` may be zero.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when the allowance of a `spender` for an `owner` is set by
     * a call to {approve}. `value` is the new allowance.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens in existence.
     */
    function totalSupply() external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the amount of tokens owned by `account`.
     */
    function balanceOf(address account) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from the caller's account to `to`.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transfer(address to, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the remaining number of tokens that `spender` will be
     * allowed to spend on behalf of `owner` through {transferFrom}. This is
     * zero by default.
     *
     * This value changes when {approve} or {transferFrom} are called.
     */
    function allowance(address owner, address spender) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Sets `amount` as the allowance of `spender` over the caller's tokens.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: Beware that changing an allowance with this method brings the risk
     * that someone may use both the old and the new allowance by unfortunate
     * transaction ordering. One possible solution to mitigate this race
     * condition is to first reduce the spender's allowance to 0 and set the
     * desired value afterwards:
     * https://github.com/ethereum/EIPs/issues/20#issuecomment-263524729
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address spender, uint256 amount) external returns (bool);

    /**
     * @dev Moves `amount` tokens from `from` to `to` using the
     * allowance mechanism. `amount` is then deducted from the caller's
     * allowance.
     *
     * Returns a boolean value indicating whether the operation succeeded.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 amount
    ) external returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC20/extensions/draft-IERC20Permit.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC20 Permit extension allowing approvals to be made via signatures, as defined in
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612[EIP-2612].
 *
 * Adds the {permit} method, which can be used to change an account's ERC20 allowance (see {IERC20-allowance}) by
 * presenting a message signed by the account. By not relying on {IERC20-approve}, the token holder account doesn't
 * need to send a transaction, and thus is not required to hold Ether at all.
 */
interface IERC20Permit {
    /**
     * @dev Sets `value` as the allowance of `spender` over ``owner``'s tokens,
     * given ``owner``'s signed approval.
     *
     * IMPORTANT: The same issues {IERC20-approve} has related to transaction
     * ordering also apply here.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `spender` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `deadline` must be a timestamp in the future.
     * - `v`, `r` and `s` must be a valid `secp256k1` signature from `owner`
     * over the EIP712-formatted function arguments.
     * - the signature must use ``owner``'s current nonce (see {nonces}).
     *
     * For more information on the signature format, see the
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-2612#specification[relevant EIP
     * section].
     */
    function permit(
        address owner,
        address spender,
        uint256 value,
        uint256 deadline,
        uint8 v,
        bytes32 r,
        bytes32 s
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the current nonce for `owner`. This value must be
     * included whenever a signature is generated for {permit}.
     *
     * Every successful call to {permit} increases ``owner``'s nonce by one. This
     * prevents a signature from being used multiple times.
     */
    function nonces(address owner) external view returns (uint256);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the domain separator used in the encoding of the signature for {permit}, as defined by {EIP712}.
     */
    // solhint-disable-next-line func-name-mixedcase
    function DOMAIN_SEPARATOR() external view returns (bytes32);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Address.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.1;

/**
 * @dev Collection of functions related to the address type
 */
library Address {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if `account` is a contract.
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * It is unsafe to assume that an address for which this function returns
     * false is an externally-owned account (EOA) and not a contract.
     *
     * Among others, `isContract` will return false for the following
     * types of addresses:
     *
     *  - an externally-owned account
     *  - a contract in construction
     *  - an address where a contract will be created
     *  - an address where a contract lived, but was destroyed
     * ====
     *
     * [IMPORTANT]
     * ====
     * You shouldn't rely on `isContract` to protect against flash loan attacks!
     *
     * Preventing calls from contracts is highly discouraged. It breaks composability, breaks support for smart wallets
     * like Gnosis Safe, and does not provide security since it can be circumvented by calling from a contract
     * constructor.
     * ====
     */
    function isContract(address account) internal view returns (bool) {
        // This method relies on extcodesize/address.code.length, which returns 0
        // for contracts in construction, since the code is only stored at the end
        // of the constructor execution.

        return account.code.length > 0;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Replacement for Solidity's `transfer`: sends `amount` wei to
     * `recipient`, forwarding all available gas and reverting on errors.
     *
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1884[EIP1884] increases the gas cost
     * of certain opcodes, possibly making contracts go over the 2300 gas limit
     * imposed by `transfer`, making them unable to receive funds via
     * `transfer`. {sendValue} removes this limitation.
     *
     * https://diligence.consensys.net/posts/2019/09/stop-using-soliditys-transfer-now/[Learn more].
     *
     * IMPORTANT: because control is transferred to `recipient`, care must be
     * taken to not create reentrancy vulnerabilities. Consider using
     * {ReentrancyGuard} or the
     * https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/v0.5.11/security-considerations.html#use-the-checks-effects-interactions-pattern[checks-effects-interactions pattern].
     */
    function sendValue(address payable recipient, uint256 amount) internal {
        require(address(this).balance >= amount, "Address: insufficient balance");

        (bool success, ) = recipient.call{value: amount}("");
        require(success, "Address: unable to send value, recipient may have reverted");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Performs a Solidity function call using a low level `call`. A
     * plain `call` is an unsafe replacement for a function call: use this
     * function instead.
     *
     * If `target` reverts with a revert reason, it is bubbled up by this
     * function (like regular Solidity function calls).
     *
     * Returns the raw returned data. To convert to the expected return value,
     * use https://solidity.readthedocs.io/en/latest/units-and-global-variables.html?highlight=abi.decode#abi-encoding-and-decoding-functions[`abi.decode`].
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `target` must be a contract.
     * - calling `target` with `data` must not revert.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, "Address: low-level call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`], but with
     * `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, 0, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but also transferring `value` wei to `target`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - the calling contract must have an ETH balance of at least `value`.
     * - the called Solidity function must be `payable`.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionCallWithValue(target, data, value, "Address: low-level call with value failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCallWithValue-address-bytes-uint256-}[`functionCallWithValue`], but
     * with `errorMessage` as a fallback revert reason when `target` reverts.
     *
     * _Available since v3.1._
     */
    function functionCallWithValue(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        uint256 value,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        require(address(this).balance >= value, "Address: insufficient balance for call");
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.call{value: value}(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionStaticCall(target, data, "Address: low-level static call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a static call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.3._
     */
    function functionStaticCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.staticcall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        return functionDelegateCall(target, data, "Address: low-level delegate call failed");
    }

    /**
     * @dev Same as {xref-Address-functionCall-address-bytes-string-}[`functionCall`],
     * but performing a delegate call.
     *
     * _Available since v3.4._
     */
    function functionDelegateCall(
        address target,
        bytes memory data,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal returns (bytes memory) {
        (bool success, bytes memory returndata) = target.delegatecall(data);
        return verifyCallResultFromTarget(target, success, returndata, errorMessage);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call to smart-contract was successful, and revert (either by bubbling
     * the revert reason or using the provided one) in case of unsuccessful call or if target was not a contract.
     *
     * _Available since v4.8._
     */
    function verifyCallResultFromTarget(
        address target,
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            if (returndata.length == 0) {
                // only check isContract if the call was successful and the return data is empty
                // otherwise we already know that it was a contract
                require(isContract(target), "Address: call to non-contract");
            }
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Tool to verify that a low level call was successful, and revert if it wasn't, either by bubbling the
     * revert reason or using the provided one.
     *
     * _Available since v4.3._
     */
    function verifyCallResult(
        bool success,
        bytes memory returndata,
        string memory errorMessage
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (success) {
            return returndata;
        } else {
            _revert(returndata, errorMessage);
        }
    }

    function _revert(bytes memory returndata, string memory errorMessage) private pure {
        // Look for revert reason and bubble it up if present
        if (returndata.length > 0) {
            // The easiest way to bubble the revert reason is using memory via assembly
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                let returndata_size := mload(returndata)
                revert(add(32, returndata), returndata_size)
            }
        } else {
            revert(errorMessage);
        }
    }
}

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