Contract Source Code:
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
/// @title TestNFT
/// @notice A simple NFT collection for testing the dungeon game
contract TestNFT is ERC721, Ownable {
uint256 private _tokenIds;
string private _baseTokenURI;
constructor(
string memory name,
string memory symbol
) ERC721(name, symbol) Ownable(msg.sender) {}
function mint() external onlyOwner returns (uint256) {
_tokenIds++;
uint256 newItemId = _tokenIds;
_mint(msg.sender, newItemId);
return newItemId;
}
function _baseURI() internal view override returns (string memory) {
return _baseTokenURI;
}
function setBaseURI(string memory baseURI) external onlyOwner {
_baseTokenURI = baseURI;
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC721/ERC721.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IERC721} from "./IERC721.sol";
import {IERC721Metadata} from "./extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol";
import {ERC721Utils} from "./utils/ERC721Utils.sol";
import {Context} from "../../utils/Context.sol";
import {Strings} from "../../utils/Strings.sol";
import {IERC165, ERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/ERC165.sol";
import {IERC721Errors} from "../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";
/**
* @dev Implementation of https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC-721] Non-Fungible Token Standard, including
* the Metadata extension, but not including the Enumerable extension, which is available separately as
* {ERC721Enumerable}.
*/
abstract contract ERC721 is Context, ERC165, IERC721, IERC721Metadata, IERC721Errors {
using Strings for uint256;
// Token name
string private _name;
// Token symbol
string private _symbol;
mapping(uint256 tokenId => address) private _owners;
mapping(address owner => uint256) private _balances;
mapping(uint256 tokenId => address) private _tokenApprovals;
mapping(address owner => mapping(address operator => bool)) private _operatorApprovals;
/**
* @dev Initializes the contract by setting a `name` and a `symbol` to the token collection.
*/
constructor(string memory name_, string memory symbol_) {
_name = name_;
_symbol = symbol_;
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
*/
function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override(ERC165, IERC165) returns (bool) {
return
interfaceId == type(IERC721).interfaceId ||
interfaceId == type(IERC721Metadata).interfaceId ||
super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-balanceOf}.
*/
function balanceOf(address owner) public view virtual returns (uint256) {
if (owner == address(0)) {
revert ERC721InvalidOwner(address(0));
}
return _balances[owner];
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-ownerOf}.
*/
function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual returns (address) {
return _requireOwned(tokenId);
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721Metadata-name}.
*/
function name() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
return _name;
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721Metadata-symbol}.
*/
function symbol() public view virtual returns (string memory) {
return _symbol;
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721Metadata-tokenURI}.
*/
function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual returns (string memory) {
_requireOwned(tokenId);
string memory baseURI = _baseURI();
return bytes(baseURI).length > 0 ? string.concat(baseURI, tokenId.toString()) : "";
}
/**
* @dev Base URI for computing {tokenURI}. If set, the resulting URI for each
* token will be the concatenation of the `baseURI` and the `tokenId`. Empty
* by default, can be overridden in child contracts.
*/
function _baseURI() internal view virtual returns (string memory) {
return "";
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-approve}.
*/
function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual {
_approve(to, tokenId, _msgSender());
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-getApproved}.
*/
function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) public view virtual returns (address) {
_requireOwned(tokenId);
return _getApproved(tokenId);
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-setApprovalForAll}.
*/
function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) public virtual {
_setApprovalForAll(_msgSender(), operator, approved);
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-isApprovedForAll}.
*/
function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) public view virtual returns (bool) {
return _operatorApprovals[owner][operator];
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-transferFrom}.
*/
function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public virtual {
if (to == address(0)) {
revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(address(0));
}
// Setting an "auth" arguments enables the `_isAuthorized` check which verifies that the token exists
// (from != 0). Therefore, it is not needed to verify that the return value is not 0 here.
address previousOwner = _update(to, tokenId, _msgSender());
if (previousOwner != from) {
revert ERC721IncorrectOwner(from, tokenId, previousOwner);
}
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
*/
function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) public {
safeTransferFrom(from, to, tokenId, "");
}
/**
* @dev See {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}.
*/
function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) public virtual {
transferFrom(from, to, tokenId);
ERC721Utils.checkOnERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, to, tokenId, data);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId`. Does NOT revert if token doesn't exist
*
* IMPORTANT: Any overrides to this function that add ownership of tokens not tracked by the
* core ERC-721 logic MUST be matched with the use of {_increaseBalance} to keep balances
* consistent with ownership. The invariant to preserve is that for any address `a` the value returned by
* `balanceOf(a)` must be equal to the number of tokens such that `_ownerOf(tokenId)` is `a`.
*/
function _ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (address) {
return _owners[tokenId];
}
/**
* @dev Returns the approved address for `tokenId`. Returns 0 if `tokenId` is not minted.
*/
function _getApproved(uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (address) {
return _tokenApprovals[tokenId];
}
/**
* @dev Returns whether `spender` is allowed to manage `owner`'s tokens, or `tokenId` in
* particular (ignoring whether it is owned by `owner`).
*
* WARNING: This function assumes that `owner` is the actual owner of `tokenId` and does not verify this
* assumption.
*/
function _isAuthorized(address owner, address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual returns (bool) {
return
spender != address(0) &&
(owner == spender || isApprovedForAll(owner, spender) || _getApproved(tokenId) == spender);
}
/**
* @dev Checks if `spender` can operate on `tokenId`, assuming the provided `owner` is the actual owner.
* Reverts if:
* - `spender` does not have approval from `owner` for `tokenId`.
* - `spender` does not have approval to manage all of `owner`'s assets.
*
* WARNING: This function assumes that `owner` is the actual owner of `tokenId` and does not verify this
* assumption.
*/
function _checkAuthorized(address owner, address spender, uint256 tokenId) internal view virtual {
if (!_isAuthorized(owner, spender, tokenId)) {
if (owner == address(0)) {
revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
} else {
revert ERC721InsufficientApproval(spender, tokenId);
}
}
}
/**
* @dev Unsafe write access to the balances, used by extensions that "mint" tokens using an {ownerOf} override.
*
* NOTE: the value is limited to type(uint128).max. This protect against _balance overflow. It is unrealistic that
* a uint256 would ever overflow from increments when these increments are bounded to uint128 values.
*
* WARNING: Increasing an account's balance using this function tends to be paired with an override of the
* {_ownerOf} function to resolve the ownership of the corresponding tokens so that balances and ownership
* remain consistent with one another.
*/
function _increaseBalance(address account, uint128 value) internal virtual {
unchecked {
_balances[account] += value;
}
}
/**
* @dev Transfers `tokenId` from its current owner to `to`, or alternatively mints (or burns) if the current owner
* (or `to`) is the zero address. Returns the owner of the `tokenId` before the update.
*
* The `auth` argument is optional. If the value passed is non 0, then this function will check that
* `auth` is either the owner of the token, or approved to operate on the token (by the owner).
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*
* NOTE: If overriding this function in a way that tracks balances, see also {_increaseBalance}.
*/
function _update(address to, uint256 tokenId, address auth) internal virtual returns (address) {
address from = _ownerOf(tokenId);
// Perform (optional) operator check
if (auth != address(0)) {
_checkAuthorized(from, auth, tokenId);
}
// Execute the update
if (from != address(0)) {
// Clear approval. No need to re-authorize or emit the Approval event
_approve(address(0), tokenId, address(0), false);
unchecked {
_balances[from] -= 1;
}
}
if (to != address(0)) {
unchecked {
_balances[to] += 1;
}
}
_owners[tokenId] = to;
emit Transfer(from, to, tokenId);
return from;
}
/**
* @dev Mints `tokenId` and transfers it to `to`.
*
* WARNING: Usage of this method is discouraged, use {_safeMint} whenever possible
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` must not exist.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function _mint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
if (to == address(0)) {
revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(address(0));
}
address previousOwner = _update(to, tokenId, address(0));
if (previousOwner != address(0)) {
revert ERC721InvalidSender(address(0));
}
}
/**
* @dev Mints `tokenId`, transfers it to `to` and checks for `to` acceptance.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` must not exist.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
_safeMint(to, tokenId, "");
}
/**
* @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeMint-address-uint256-}[`_safeMint`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
* forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
*/
function _safeMint(address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
_mint(to, tokenId);
ERC721Utils.checkOnERC721Received(_msgSender(), address(0), to, tokenId, data);
}
/**
* @dev Destroys `tokenId`.
* The approval is cleared when the token is burned.
* This is an internal function that does not check if the sender is authorized to operate on the token.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` must exist.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal {
address previousOwner = _update(address(0), tokenId, address(0));
if (previousOwner == address(0)) {
revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
}
}
/**
* @dev Transfers `tokenId` from `from` to `to`.
* As opposed to {transferFrom}, this imposes no restrictions on msg.sender.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function _transfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
if (to == address(0)) {
revert ERC721InvalidReceiver(address(0));
}
address previousOwner = _update(to, tokenId, address(0));
if (previousOwner == address(0)) {
revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
} else if (previousOwner != from) {
revert ERC721IncorrectOwner(from, tokenId, previousOwner);
}
}
/**
* @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking that contract recipients
* are aware of the ERC-721 standard to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
*
* `data` is additional data, it has no specified format and it is sent in call to `to`.
*
* This internal function is like {safeTransferFrom} in the sense that it invokes
* {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} on the receiver, and can be used to e.g.
* implement alternative mechanisms to perform token transfer, such as signature-based.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function _safeTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) internal {
_safeTransfer(from, to, tokenId, "");
}
/**
* @dev Same as {xref-ERC721-_safeTransfer-address-address-uint256-}[`_safeTransfer`], with an additional `data` parameter which is
* forwarded in {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} to contract recipients.
*/
function _safeTransfer(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes memory data) internal virtual {
_transfer(from, to, tokenId);
ERC721Utils.checkOnERC721Received(_msgSender(), from, to, tokenId, data);
}
/**
* @dev Approve `to` to operate on `tokenId`
*
* The `auth` argument is optional. If the value passed is non 0, then this function will check that `auth` is
* either the owner of the token, or approved to operate on all tokens held by this owner.
*
* Emits an {Approval} event.
*
* Overrides to this logic should be done to the variant with an additional `bool emitEvent` argument.
*/
function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId, address auth) internal {
_approve(to, tokenId, auth, true);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of `_approve` with an optional flag to enable or disable the {Approval} event. The event is not
* emitted in the context of transfers.
*/
function _approve(address to, uint256 tokenId, address auth, bool emitEvent) internal virtual {
// Avoid reading the owner unless necessary
if (emitEvent || auth != address(0)) {
address owner = _requireOwned(tokenId);
// We do not use _isAuthorized because single-token approvals should not be able to call approve
if (auth != address(0) && owner != auth && !isApprovedForAll(owner, auth)) {
revert ERC721InvalidApprover(auth);
}
if (emitEvent) {
emit Approval(owner, to, tokenId);
}
}
_tokenApprovals[tokenId] = to;
}
/**
* @dev Approve `operator` to operate on all of `owner` tokens
*
* Requirements:
* - operator can't be the address zero.
*
* Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
*/
function _setApprovalForAll(address owner, address operator, bool approved) internal virtual {
if (operator == address(0)) {
revert ERC721InvalidOperator(operator);
}
_operatorApprovals[owner][operator] = approved;
emit ApprovalForAll(owner, operator, approved);
}
/**
* @dev Reverts if the `tokenId` doesn't have a current owner (it hasn't been minted, or it has been burned).
* Returns the owner.
*
* Overrides to ownership logic should be done to {_ownerOf}.
*/
function _requireOwned(uint256 tokenId) internal view returns (address) {
address owner = _ownerOf(tokenId);
if (owner == address(0)) {
revert ERC721NonexistentToken(tokenId);
}
return owner;
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (access/Ownable.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Context} from "../utils/Context.sol";
/**
* @dev Contract module which provides a basic access control mechanism, where
* there is an account (an owner) that can be granted exclusive access to
* specific functions.
*
* The initial owner is set to the address provided by the deployer. This can
* later be changed with {transferOwnership}.
*
* This module is used through inheritance. It will make available the modifier
* `onlyOwner`, which can be applied to your functions to restrict their use to
* the owner.
*/
abstract contract Ownable is Context {
address private _owner;
/**
* @dev The caller account is not authorized to perform an operation.
*/
error OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(address account);
/**
* @dev The owner is not a valid owner account. (eg. `address(0)`)
*/
error OwnableInvalidOwner(address owner);
event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
/**
* @dev Initializes the contract setting the address provided by the deployer as the initial owner.
*/
constructor(address initialOwner) {
if (initialOwner == address(0)) {
revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
}
_transferOwnership(initialOwner);
}
/**
* @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
*/
modifier onlyOwner() {
_checkOwner();
_;
}
/**
* @dev Returns the address of the current owner.
*/
function owner() public view virtual returns (address) {
return _owner;
}
/**
* @dev Throws if the sender is not the owner.
*/
function _checkOwner() internal view virtual {
if (owner() != _msgSender()) {
revert OwnableUnauthorizedAccount(_msgSender());
}
}
/**
* @dev Leaves the contract without owner. It will not be possible to call
* `onlyOwner` functions. Can only be called by the current owner.
*
* NOTE: Renouncing ownership will leave the contract without an owner,
* thereby disabling any functionality that is only available to the owner.
*/
function renounceOwnership() public virtual onlyOwner {
_transferOwnership(address(0));
}
/**
* @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
* Can only be called by the current owner.
*/
function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public virtual onlyOwner {
if (newOwner == address(0)) {
revert OwnableInvalidOwner(address(0));
}
_transferOwnership(newOwner);
}
/**
* @dev Transfers ownership of the contract to a new account (`newOwner`).
* Internal function without access restriction.
*/
function _transferOwnership(address newOwner) internal virtual {
address oldOwner = _owner;
_owner = newOwner;
emit OwnershipTransferred(oldOwner, newOwner);
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IERC165} from "../../utils/introspection/IERC165.sol";
/**
* @dev Required interface of an ERC-721 compliant contract.
*/
interface IERC721 is IERC165 {
/**
* @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
*/
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
*/
event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);
/**
* @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
*/
event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);
/**
* @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
*/
function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);
/**
* @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` must exist.
*/
function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);
/**
* @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
* - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon
* a safe transfer.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId, bytes calldata data) external;
/**
* @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
* are aware of the ERC-721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
* - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or
* {setApprovalForAll}.
* - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon
* a safe transfer.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function safeTransferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;
/**
* @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
*
* WARNING: Note that the caller is responsible to confirm that the recipient is capable of receiving ERC-721
* or else they may be permanently lost. Usage of {safeTransferFrom} prevents loss, though the caller must
* understand this adds an external call which potentially creates a reentrancy vulnerability.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `from` cannot be the zero address.
* - `to` cannot be the zero address.
* - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
* - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
*
* Emits a {Transfer} event.
*/
function transferFrom(address from, address to, uint256 tokenId) external;
/**
* @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
* The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
*
* Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
* - `tokenId` must exist.
*
* Emits an {Approval} event.
*/
function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;
/**
* @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
* Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - The `operator` cannot be the address zero.
*
* Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
*/
function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool approved) external;
/**
* @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - `tokenId` must exist.
*/
function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);
/**
* @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
*
* See {setApprovalForAll}
*/
function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.0) (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IERC721} from "../IERC721.sol";
/**
* @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
* @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
*/
interface IERC721Metadata is IERC721 {
/**
* @dev Returns the token collection name.
*/
function name() external view returns (string memory);
/**
* @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
*/
function symbol() external view returns (string memory);
/**
* @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
*/
function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC721/utils/ERC721Utils.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IERC721Receiver} from "../IERC721Receiver.sol";
import {IERC721Errors} from "../../../interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol";
/**
* @dev Library that provide common ERC-721 utility functions.
*
* See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721[ERC-721].
*
* _Available since v5.1._
*/
library ERC721Utils {
/**
* @dev Performs an acceptance check for the provided `operator` by calling {IERC721-onERC721Received}
* on the `to` address. The `operator` is generally the address that initiated the token transfer (i.e. `msg.sender`).
*
* The acceptance call is not executed and treated as a no-op if the target address doesn't contain code (i.e. an EOA).
* Otherwise, the recipient must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received} and return the acceptance magic value to accept
* the transfer.
*/
function checkOnERC721Received(
address operator,
address from,
address to,
uint256 tokenId,
bytes memory data
) internal {
if (to.code.length > 0) {
try IERC721Receiver(to).onERC721Received(operator, from, tokenId, data) returns (bytes4 retval) {
if (retval != IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector) {
// Token rejected
revert IERC721Errors.ERC721InvalidReceiver(to);
}
} catch (bytes memory reason) {
if (reason.length == 0) {
// non-IERC721Receiver implementer
revert IERC721Errors.ERC721InvalidReceiver(to);
} else {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
revert(add(32, reason), mload(reason))
}
}
}
}
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.0.1) (utils/Context.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @dev Provides information about the current execution context, including the
* sender of the transaction and its data. While these are generally available
* via msg.sender and msg.data, they should not be accessed in such a direct
* manner, since when dealing with meta-transactions the account sending and
* paying for execution may not be the actual sender (as far as an application
* is concerned).
*
* This contract is only required for intermediate, library-like contracts.
*/
abstract contract Context {
function _msgSender() internal view virtual returns (address) {
return msg.sender;
}
function _msgData() internal view virtual returns (bytes calldata) {
return msg.data;
}
function _contextSuffixLength() internal view virtual returns (uint256) {
return 0;
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.2.0) (utils/Strings.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Math} from "./math/Math.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "./math/SafeCast.sol";
import {SignedMath} from "./math/SignedMath.sol";
/**
* @dev String operations.
*/
library Strings {
using SafeCast for *;
bytes16 private constant HEX_DIGITS = "0123456789abcdef";
uint8 private constant ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;
/**
* @dev The `value` string doesn't fit in the specified `length`.
*/
error StringsInsufficientHexLength(uint256 value, uint256 length);
/**
* @dev The string being parsed contains characters that are not in scope of the given base.
*/
error StringsInvalidChar();
/**
* @dev The string being parsed is not a properly formatted address.
*/
error StringsInvalidAddressFormat();
/**
* @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
*/
function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
unchecked {
uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
string memory buffer = new string(length);
uint256 ptr;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
}
while (true) {
ptr--;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), HEX_DIGITS))
}
value /= 10;
if (value == 0) break;
}
return buffer;
}
}
/**
* @dev Converts a `int256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
*/
function toStringSigned(int256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
return string.concat(value < 0 ? "-" : "", toString(SignedMath.abs(value)));
}
/**
* @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
*/
function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
unchecked {
return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
}
}
/**
* @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
*/
function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
uint256 localValue = value;
bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
buffer[0] = "0";
buffer[1] = "x";
for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
buffer[i] = HEX_DIGITS[localValue & 0xf];
localValue >>= 4;
}
if (localValue != 0) {
revert StringsInsufficientHexLength(value, length);
}
return string(buffer);
}
/**
* @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
* representation.
*/
function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), ADDRESS_LENGTH);
}
/**
* @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal
* representation, according to EIP-55.
*/
function toChecksumHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
bytes memory buffer = bytes(toHexString(addr));
// hash the hex part of buffer (skip length + 2 bytes, length 40)
uint256 hashValue;
assembly ("memory-safe") {
hashValue := shr(96, keccak256(add(buffer, 0x22), 40))
}
for (uint256 i = 41; i > 1; --i) {
// possible values for buffer[i] are 48 (0) to 57 (9) and 97 (a) to 102 (f)
if (hashValue & 0xf > 7 && uint8(buffer[i]) > 96) {
// case shift by xoring with 0x20
buffer[i] ^= 0x20;
}
hashValue >>= 4;
}
return string(buffer);
}
/**
* @dev Returns true if the two strings are equal.
*/
function equal(string memory a, string memory b) internal pure returns (bool) {
return bytes(a).length == bytes(b).length && keccak256(bytes(a)) == keccak256(bytes(b));
}
/**
* @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `uint256`.
*
* Requirements:
* - The string must be formatted as `[0-9]*`
* - The result must fit into an `uint256` type
*/
function parseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return parseUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseUint} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
* `end` (excluded).
*
* Requirements:
* - The substring must be formatted as `[0-9]*`
* - The result must fit into an `uint256` type
*/
function parseUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {
(bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseUint(input, begin, end);
if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
return value;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.
*
* NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
*/
function tryParseUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid
* character.
*
* NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
*/
function tryParseUint(
string memory input,
uint256 begin,
uint256 end
) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
return _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
}
/**
* @dev Implementation of {tryParseUint} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
* `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
*/
function _tryParseUintUncheckedBounds(
string memory input,
uint256 begin,
uint256 end
) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);
uint256 result = 0;
for (uint256 i = begin; i < end; ++i) {
uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));
if (chr > 9) return (false, 0);
result *= 10;
result += chr;
}
return (true, result);
}
/**
* @dev Parse a decimal string and returns the value as a `int256`.
*
* Requirements:
* - The string must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`
* - The result must fit in an `int256` type.
*/
function parseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (int256) {
return parseInt(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
* `end` (excluded).
*
* Requirements:
* - The substring must be formatted as `[-+]?[0-9]*`
* - The result must fit in an `int256` type.
*/
function parseInt(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (int256) {
(bool success, int256 value) = tryParseInt(input, begin, end);
if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
return value;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseInt-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character or if
* the result does not fit in a `int256`.
*
* NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
*/
function tryParseInt(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
uint256 private constant ABS_MIN_INT256 = 2 ** 255;
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseInt-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid
* character or if the result does not fit in a `int256`.
*
* NOTE: This function will revert if the absolute value of the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
*/
function tryParseInt(
string memory input,
uint256 begin,
uint256 end
) internal pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
return _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
}
/**
* @dev Implementation of {tryParseInt} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
* `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
*/
function _tryParseIntUncheckedBounds(
string memory input,
uint256 begin,
uint256 end
) private pure returns (bool success, int256 value) {
bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);
// Check presence of a negative sign.
bytes1 sign = begin == end ? bytes1(0) : bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
bool positiveSign = sign == bytes1("+");
bool negativeSign = sign == bytes1("-");
uint256 offset = (positiveSign || negativeSign).toUint();
(bool absSuccess, uint256 absValue) = tryParseUint(input, begin + offset, end);
if (absSuccess && absValue < ABS_MIN_INT256) {
return (true, negativeSign ? -int256(absValue) : int256(absValue));
} else if (absSuccess && negativeSign && absValue == ABS_MIN_INT256) {
return (true, type(int256).min);
} else return (false, 0);
}
/**
* @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without "0x" prefix), and returns the value as a `uint256`.
*
* Requirements:
* - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`
* - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.
*/
function parseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return parseHexUint(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseHexUint} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
* `end` (excluded).
*
* Requirements:
* - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]*`
* - The result must fit in an `uint256` type.
*/
function parseHexUint(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (uint256) {
(bool success, uint256 value) = tryParseHexUint(input, begin, end);
if (!success) revert StringsInvalidChar();
return value;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an invalid character.
*
* NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
*/
function tryParseHexUint(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseHexUint-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because of an
* invalid character.
*
* NOTE: This function will revert if the result does not fit in a `uint256`.
*/
function tryParseHexUint(
string memory input,
uint256 begin,
uint256 end
) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, 0);
return _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
}
/**
* @dev Implementation of {tryParseHexUint} that does not check bounds. Caller should make sure that
* `begin <= end <= input.length`. Other inputs would result in undefined behavior.
*/
function _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(
string memory input,
uint256 begin,
uint256 end
) private pure returns (bool success, uint256 value) {
bytes memory buffer = bytes(input);
// skip 0x prefix if present
bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, begin)) == bytes2("0x"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
uint256 offset = hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;
uint256 result = 0;
for (uint256 i = begin + offset; i < end; ++i) {
uint8 chr = _tryParseChr(bytes1(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(buffer, i)));
if (chr > 15) return (false, 0);
result *= 16;
unchecked {
// Multiplying by 16 is equivalent to a shift of 4 bits (with additional overflow check).
// This guaratees that adding a value < 16 will not cause an overflow, hence the unchecked.
result += chr;
}
}
return (true, result);
}
/**
* @dev Parse a hexadecimal string (with or without "0x" prefix), and returns the value as an `address`.
*
* Requirements:
* - The string must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`
*/
function parseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (address) {
return parseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseAddress} that parses a substring of `input` located between position `begin` (included) and
* `end` (excluded).
*
* Requirements:
* - The substring must be formatted as `(0x)?[0-9a-fA-F]{40}`
*/
function parseAddress(string memory input, uint256 begin, uint256 end) internal pure returns (address) {
(bool success, address value) = tryParseAddress(input, begin, end);
if (!success) revert StringsInvalidAddressFormat();
return value;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string} that returns false if the parsing fails because the input is not a properly
* formatted address. See {parseAddress} requirements.
*/
function tryParseAddress(string memory input) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {
return tryParseAddress(input, 0, bytes(input).length);
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {parseAddress-string-uint256-uint256} that returns false if the parsing fails because input is not a properly
* formatted address. See {parseAddress} requirements.
*/
function tryParseAddress(
string memory input,
uint256 begin,
uint256 end
) internal pure returns (bool success, address value) {
if (end > bytes(input).length || begin > end) return (false, address(0));
bool hasPrefix = (end > begin + 1) && bytes2(_unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes(input), begin)) == bytes2("0x"); // don't do out-of-bound (possibly unsafe) read if sub-string is empty
uint256 expectedLength = 40 + hasPrefix.toUint() * 2;
// check that input is the correct length
if (end - begin == expectedLength) {
// length guarantees that this does not overflow, and value is at most type(uint160).max
(bool s, uint256 v) = _tryParseHexUintUncheckedBounds(input, begin, end);
return (s, address(uint160(v)));
} else {
return (false, address(0));
}
}
function _tryParseChr(bytes1 chr) private pure returns (uint8) {
uint8 value = uint8(chr);
// Try to parse `chr`:
// - Case 1: [0-9]
// - Case 2: [a-f]
// - Case 3: [A-F]
// - otherwise not supported
unchecked {
if (value > 47 && value < 58) value -= 48;
else if (value > 96 && value < 103) value -= 87;
else if (value > 64 && value < 71) value -= 55;
else return type(uint8).max;
}
return value;
}
/**
* @dev Reads a bytes32 from a bytes array without bounds checking.
*
* NOTE: making this function internal would mean it could be used with memory unsafe offset, and marking the
* assembly block as such would prevent some optimizations.
*/
function _unsafeReadBytesOffset(bytes memory buffer, uint256 offset) private pure returns (bytes32 value) {
// This is not memory safe in the general case, but all calls to this private function are within bounds.
assembly ("memory-safe") {
value := mload(add(buffer, add(0x20, offset)))
}
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/introspection/ERC165.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {IERC165} from "./IERC165.sol";
/**
* @dev Implementation of the {IERC165} interface.
*
* Contracts that want to implement ERC-165 should inherit from this contract and override {supportsInterface} to check
* for the additional interface id that will be supported. For example:
*
* ```solidity
* function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual override returns (bool) {
* return interfaceId == type(MyInterface).interfaceId || super.supportsInterface(interfaceId);
* }
* ```
*/
abstract contract ERC165 is IERC165 {
/**
* @dev See {IERC165-supportsInterface}.
*/
function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) public view virtual returns (bool) {
return interfaceId == type(IERC165).interfaceId;
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (interfaces/draft-IERC6093.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @dev Standard ERC-20 Errors
* Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-20 tokens.
*/
interface IERC20Errors {
/**
* @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
* @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
* @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
* @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
*/
error ERC20InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
* @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
*/
error ERC20InvalidSender(address sender);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
* @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
*/
error ERC20InvalidReceiver(address receiver);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender`’s `allowance`. Used in transfers.
* @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
* @param allowance Amount of tokens a `spender` is allowed to operate with.
* @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
*/
error ERC20InsufficientAllowance(address spender, uint256 allowance, uint256 needed);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
* @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
*/
error ERC20InvalidApprover(address approver);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `spender` to be approved. Used in approvals.
* @param spender Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
*/
error ERC20InvalidSpender(address spender);
}
/**
* @dev Standard ERC-721 Errors
* Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-721 tokens.
*/
interface IERC721Errors {
/**
* @dev Indicates that an address can't be an owner. For example, `address(0)` is a forbidden owner in ERC-20.
* Used in balance queries.
* @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
*/
error ERC721InvalidOwner(address owner);
/**
* @dev Indicates a `tokenId` whose `owner` is the zero address.
* @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
*/
error ERC721NonexistentToken(uint256 tokenId);
/**
* @dev Indicates an error related to the ownership over a particular token. Used in transfers.
* @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
* @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
* @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
*/
error ERC721IncorrectOwner(address sender, uint256 tokenId, address owner);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
* @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
*/
error ERC721InvalidSender(address sender);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
* @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
*/
error ERC721InvalidReceiver(address receiver);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
* @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
* @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
*/
error ERC721InsufficientApproval(address operator, uint256 tokenId);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
* @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
*/
error ERC721InvalidApprover(address approver);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
* @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
*/
error ERC721InvalidOperator(address operator);
}
/**
* @dev Standard ERC-1155 Errors
* Interface of the https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-6093[ERC-6093] custom errors for ERC-1155 tokens.
*/
interface IERC1155Errors {
/**
* @dev Indicates an error related to the current `balance` of a `sender`. Used in transfers.
* @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
* @param balance Current balance for the interacting account.
* @param needed Minimum amount required to perform a transfer.
* @param tokenId Identifier number of a token.
*/
error ERC1155InsufficientBalance(address sender, uint256 balance, uint256 needed, uint256 tokenId);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the token `sender`. Used in transfers.
* @param sender Address whose tokens are being transferred.
*/
error ERC1155InvalidSender(address sender);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the token `receiver`. Used in transfers.
* @param receiver Address to which tokens are being transferred.
*/
error ERC1155InvalidReceiver(address receiver);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator`’s approval. Used in transfers.
* @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
* @param owner Address of the current owner of a token.
*/
error ERC1155MissingApprovalForAll(address operator, address owner);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `approver` of a token to be approved. Used in approvals.
* @param approver Address initiating an approval operation.
*/
error ERC1155InvalidApprover(address approver);
/**
* @dev Indicates a failure with the `operator` to be approved. Used in approvals.
* @param operator Address that may be allowed to operate on tokens without being their owner.
*/
error ERC1155InvalidOperator(address operator);
/**
* @dev Indicates an array length mismatch between ids and values in a safeBatchTransferFrom operation.
* Used in batch transfers.
* @param idsLength Length of the array of token identifiers
* @param valuesLength Length of the array of token amounts
*/
error ERC1155InvalidArrayLength(uint256 idsLength, uint256 valuesLength);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @dev Interface of the ERC-165 standard, as defined in the
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[ERC].
*
* Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
* queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
*
* For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
*/
interface IERC165 {
/**
* @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
* `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[ERC section]
* to learn more about how these ids are created.
*
* This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
*/
function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721Receiver.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @title ERC-721 token receiver interface
* @dev Interface for any contract that wants to support safeTransfers
* from ERC-721 asset contracts.
*/
interface IERC721Receiver {
/**
* @dev Whenever an {IERC721} `tokenId` token is transferred to this contract via {IERC721-safeTransferFrom}
* by `operator` from `from`, this function is called.
*
* It must return its Solidity selector to confirm the token transfer.
* If any other value is returned or the interface is not implemented by the recipient, the transfer will be
* reverted.
*
* The selector can be obtained in Solidity with `IERC721Receiver.onERC721Received.selector`.
*/
function onERC721Received(
address operator,
address from,
uint256 tokenId,
bytes calldata data
) external returns (bytes4);
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {Panic} from "../Panic.sol";
import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";
/**
* @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
*/
library Math {
enum Rounding {
Floor, // Toward negative infinity
Ceil, // Toward positive infinity
Trunc, // Toward zero
Expand // Away from zero
}
/**
* @dev Returns the addition of two unsigned integers, with an success flag (no overflow).
*/
function tryAdd(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
uint256 c = a + b;
if (c < a) return (false, 0);
return (true, c);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the subtraction of two unsigned integers, with an success flag (no overflow).
*/
function trySub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
if (b > a) return (false, 0);
return (true, a - b);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the multiplication of two unsigned integers, with an success flag (no overflow).
*/
function tryMul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
// Gas optimization: this is cheaper than requiring 'a' not being zero, but the
// benefit is lost if 'b' is also tested.
// See: https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/openzeppelin-contracts/pull/522
if (a == 0) return (true, 0);
uint256 c = a * b;
if (c / a != b) return (false, 0);
return (true, c);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the division of two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
*/
function tryDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
return (true, a / b);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the remainder of dividing two unsigned integers, with a success flag (no division by zero).
*/
function tryMod(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
unchecked {
if (b == 0) return (false, 0);
return (true, a % b);
}
}
/**
* @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
*
* IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
* However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
* one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
*/
function ternary(bool condition, uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
// branchless ternary works because:
// b ^ (a ^ b) == a
// b ^ 0 == b
return b ^ ((a ^ b) * SafeCast.toUint(condition));
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
*/
function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return ternary(a > b, a, b);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
*/
function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return ternary(a < b, a, b);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
* zero.
*/
function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
// (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
}
/**
* @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
*
* This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds towards infinity instead
* of rounding towards zero.
*/
function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
if (b == 0) {
// Guarantee the same behavior as in a regular Solidity division.
Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
}
// The following calculation ensures accurate ceiling division without overflow.
// Since a is non-zero, (a - 1) / b will not overflow.
// The largest possible result occurs when (a - 1) / b is type(uint256).max,
// but the largest value we can obtain is type(uint256).max - 1, which happens
// when a = type(uint256).max and b = 1.
unchecked {
return SafeCast.toUint(a > 0) * ((a - 1) / b + 1);
}
}
/**
* @dev Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or
* denominator == 0.
*
* Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv) with further edits by
* Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
*/
function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
unchecked {
// 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2²⁵⁶ and mod 2²⁵⁶ - 1, then use
// the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
// variables such that product = prod1 * 2²⁵⁶ + prod0.
uint256 prod0 = x * y; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
assembly {
let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
}
// Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
if (prod1 == 0) {
// Solidity will revert if denominator == 0, unlike the div opcode on its own.
// The surrounding unchecked block does not change this fact.
// See https://docs.soliditylang.org/en/latest/control-structures.html#checked-or-unchecked-arithmetic.
return prod0 / denominator;
}
// Make sure the result is less than 2²⁵⁶. Also prevents denominator == 0.
if (denominator <= prod1) {
Panic.panic(ternary(denominator == 0, Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO, Panic.UNDER_OVERFLOW));
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// 512 by 256 division.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
uint256 remainder;
assembly {
// Compute remainder using mulmod.
remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)
// Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
}
// Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator.
// Always >= 1. See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.
uint256 twos = denominator & (0 - denominator);
assembly {
// Divide denominator by twos.
denominator := div(denominator, twos)
// Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
prod0 := div(prod0, twos)
// Flip twos such that it is 2²⁵⁶ / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
}
// Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
prod0 |= prod1 * twos;
// Invert denominator mod 2²⁵⁶. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2²⁵⁶ such
// that denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2²⁵⁶. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
// four bits. That is, denominator * inv ≡ 1 mod 2⁴.
uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;
// Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also
// works in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁸
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹⁶
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2³²
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2⁶⁴
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2¹²⁸
inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2²⁵⁶
// Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
// This will give us the correct result modulo 2²⁵⁶. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
// less than 2²⁵⁶, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
// is no longer required.
result = prod0 * inverse;
return result;
}
}
/**
* @dev Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
*/
function mulDiv(uint256 x, uint256 y, uint256 denominator, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
return mulDiv(x, y, denominator) + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0);
}
/**
* @dev Calculate the modular multiplicative inverse of a number in Z/nZ.
*
* If n is a prime, then Z/nZ is a field. In that case all elements are inversible, except 0.
* If n is not a prime, then Z/nZ is not a field, and some elements might not be inversible.
*
* If the input value is not inversible, 0 is returned.
*
* NOTE: If you know for sure that n is (big) a prime, it may be cheaper to use Fermat's little theorem and get the
* inverse using `Math.modExp(a, n - 2, n)`. See {invModPrime}.
*/
function invMod(uint256 a, uint256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
if (n == 0) return 0;
// The inverse modulo is calculated using the Extended Euclidean Algorithm (iterative version)
// Used to compute integers x and y such that: ax + ny = gcd(a, n).
// When the gcd is 1, then the inverse of a modulo n exists and it's x.
// ax + ny = 1
// ax = 1 + (-y)n
// ax ≡ 1 (mod n) # x is the inverse of a modulo n
// If the remainder is 0 the gcd is n right away.
uint256 remainder = a % n;
uint256 gcd = n;
// Therefore the initial coefficients are:
// ax + ny = gcd(a, n) = n
// 0a + 1n = n
int256 x = 0;
int256 y = 1;
while (remainder != 0) {
uint256 quotient = gcd / remainder;
(gcd, remainder) = (
// The old remainder is the next gcd to try.
remainder,
// Compute the next remainder.
// Can't overflow given that (a % gcd) * (gcd // (a % gcd)) <= gcd
// where gcd is at most n (capped to type(uint256).max)
gcd - remainder * quotient
);
(x, y) = (
// Increment the coefficient of a.
y,
// Decrement the coefficient of n.
// Can overflow, but the result is casted to uint256 so that the
// next value of y is "wrapped around" to a value between 0 and n - 1.
x - y * int256(quotient)
);
}
if (gcd != 1) return 0; // No inverse exists.
return ternary(x < 0, n - uint256(-x), uint256(x)); // Wrap the result if it's negative.
}
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {invMod}. More efficient, but only works if `p` is known to be a prime greater than `2`.
*
* From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat%27s_little_theorem[Fermat's little theorem], we know that if p is
* prime, then `a**(p-1) ≡ 1 mod p`. As a consequence, we have `a * a**(p-2) ≡ 1 mod p`, which means that
* `a**(p-2)` is the modular multiplicative inverse of a in Fp.
*
* NOTE: this function does NOT check that `p` is a prime greater than `2`.
*/
function invModPrime(uint256 a, uint256 p) internal view returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
return Math.modExp(a, p - 2, p);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m)
*
* Requirements:
* - modulus can't be zero
* - underlying staticcall to precompile must succeed
*
* IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the underlying call succeeds. When using this function, make
* sure the chain you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation
* at address 0x05 as specified in https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise,
* the underlying function will succeed given the lack of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly
* interpreted as 0.
*/
function modExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (uint256) {
(bool success, uint256 result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);
if (!success) {
Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
}
return result;
}
/**
* @dev Returns the modular exponentiation of the specified base, exponent and modulus (b ** e % m).
* It includes a success flag indicating if the operation succeeded. Operation will be marked as failed if trying
* to operate modulo 0 or if the underlying precompile reverted.
*
* IMPORTANT: The result is only valid if the success flag is true. When using this function, make sure the chain
* you're using it on supports the precompiled contract for modular exponentiation at address 0x05 as specified in
* https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-198[EIP-198]. Otherwise, the underlying function will succeed given the lack
* of a revert, but the result may be incorrectly interpreted as 0.
*/
function tryModExp(uint256 b, uint256 e, uint256 m) internal view returns (bool success, uint256 result) {
if (m == 0) return (false, 0);
assembly ("memory-safe") {
let ptr := mload(0x40)
// | Offset | Content | Content (Hex) |
// |-----------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------|
// | 0x00:0x1f | size of b | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
// | 0x20:0x3f | size of e | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
// | 0x40:0x5f | size of m | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000020 |
// | 0x60:0x7f | value of b | 0x<.............................................................b> |
// | 0x80:0x9f | value of e | 0x<.............................................................e> |
// | 0xa0:0xbf | value of m | 0x<.............................................................m> |
mstore(ptr, 0x20)
mstore(add(ptr, 0x20), 0x20)
mstore(add(ptr, 0x40), 0x20)
mstore(add(ptr, 0x60), b)
mstore(add(ptr, 0x80), e)
mstore(add(ptr, 0xa0), m)
// Given the result < m, it's guaranteed to fit in 32 bytes,
// so we can use the memory scratch space located at offset 0.
success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, ptr, 0xc0, 0x00, 0x20)
result := mload(0x00)
}
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {modExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.
*/
function modExp(bytes memory b, bytes memory e, bytes memory m) internal view returns (bytes memory) {
(bool success, bytes memory result) = tryModExp(b, e, m);
if (!success) {
Panic.panic(Panic.DIVISION_BY_ZERO);
}
return result;
}
/**
* @dev Variant of {tryModExp} that supports inputs of arbitrary length.
*/
function tryModExp(
bytes memory b,
bytes memory e,
bytes memory m
) internal view returns (bool success, bytes memory result) {
if (_zeroBytes(m)) return (false, new bytes(0));
uint256 mLen = m.length;
// Encode call args in result and move the free memory pointer
result = abi.encodePacked(b.length, e.length, mLen, b, e, m);
assembly ("memory-safe") {
let dataPtr := add(result, 0x20)
// Write result on top of args to avoid allocating extra memory.
success := staticcall(gas(), 0x05, dataPtr, mload(result), dataPtr, mLen)
// Overwrite the length.
// result.length > returndatasize() is guaranteed because returndatasize() == m.length
mstore(result, mLen)
// Set the memory pointer after the returned data.
mstore(0x40, add(dataPtr, mLen))
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns whether the provided byte array is zero.
*/
function _zeroBytes(bytes memory byteArray) private pure returns (bool) {
for (uint256 i = 0; i < byteArray.length; ++i) {
if (byteArray[i] != 0) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
/**
* @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded
* towards zero.
*
* This method is based on Newton's method for computing square roots; the algorithm is restricted to only
* using integer operations.
*/
function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
// Take care of easy edge cases when a == 0 or a == 1
if (a <= 1) {
return a;
}
// In this function, we use Newton's method to get a root of `f(x) := x² - a`. It involves building a
// sequence x_n that converges toward sqrt(a). For each iteration x_n, we also define the error between
// the current value as `ε_n = | x_n - sqrt(a) |`.
//
// For our first estimation, we consider `e` the smallest power of 2 which is bigger than the square root
// of the target. (i.e. `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e`). We know that `e ≤ 128` because `(2¹²⁸)² = 2²⁵⁶` is
// bigger than any uint256.
//
// By noticing that
// `2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e → (2**(e-1))² ≤ a < (2**e)² → 2**(2*e-2) ≤ a < 2**(2*e)`
// we can deduce that `e - 1` is `log2(a) / 2`. We can thus compute `x_n = 2**(e-1)` using a method similar
// to the msb function.
uint256 aa = a;
uint256 xn = 1;
if (aa >= (1 << 128)) {
aa >>= 128;
xn <<= 64;
}
if (aa >= (1 << 64)) {
aa >>= 64;
xn <<= 32;
}
if (aa >= (1 << 32)) {
aa >>= 32;
xn <<= 16;
}
if (aa >= (1 << 16)) {
aa >>= 16;
xn <<= 8;
}
if (aa >= (1 << 8)) {
aa >>= 8;
xn <<= 4;
}
if (aa >= (1 << 4)) {
aa >>= 4;
xn <<= 2;
}
if (aa >= (1 << 2)) {
xn <<= 1;
}
// We now have x_n such that `x_n = 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) < 2**e = 2 * x_n`. This implies ε_n ≤ 2**(e-1).
//
// We can refine our estimation by noticing that the middle of that interval minimizes the error.
// If we move x_n to equal 2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2), then we reduce the error to ε_n ≤ 2**(e-2).
// This is going to be our x_0 (and ε_0)
xn = (3 * xn) >> 1; // ε_0 := | x_0 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-2)
// From here, Newton's method give us:
// x_{n+1} = (x_n + a / x_n) / 2
//
// One should note that:
// x_{n+1}² - a = ((x_n + a / x_n) / 2)² - a
// = ((x_n² + a) / (2 * x_n))² - a
// = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²) - a
// = (x_n⁴ + 2 * a * x_n² + a² - 4 * a * x_n²) / (4 * x_n²)
// = (x_n⁴ - 2 * a * x_n² + a²) / (4 * x_n²)
// = (x_n² - a)² / (2 * x_n)²
// = ((x_n² - a) / (2 * x_n))²
// ≥ 0
// Which proves that for all n ≥ 1, sqrt(a) ≤ x_n
//
// This gives us the proof of quadratic convergence of the sequence:
// ε_{n+1} = | x_{n+1} - sqrt(a) |
// = | (x_n + a / x_n) / 2 - sqrt(a) |
// = | (x_n² + a - 2*x_n*sqrt(a)) / (2 * x_n) |
// = | (x_n - sqrt(a))² / (2 * x_n) |
// = | ε_n² / (2 * x_n) |
// = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |
//
// For the first iteration, we have a special case where x_0 is known:
// ε_1 = ε_0² / | (2 * x_0) |
// ≤ (2**(e-2))² / (2 * (2**(e-1) + 2**(e-2)))
// ≤ 2**(2*e-4) / (3 * 2**(e-1))
// ≤ 2**(e-3) / 3
// ≤ 2**(e-3-log2(3))
// ≤ 2**(e-4.5)
//
// For the following iterations, we use the fact that, 2**(e-1) ≤ sqrt(a) ≤ x_n:
// ε_{n+1} = ε_n² / | (2 * x_n) |
// ≤ (2**(e-k))² / (2 * 2**(e-1))
// ≤ 2**(2*e-2*k) / 2**e
// ≤ 2**(e-2*k)
xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_1 := | x_1 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-4.5) -- special case, see above
xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_2 := | x_2 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-9) -- general case with k = 4.5
xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_3 := | x_3 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-18) -- general case with k = 9
xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_4 := | x_4 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-36) -- general case with k = 18
xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_5 := | x_5 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-72) -- general case with k = 36
xn = (xn + a / xn) >> 1; // ε_6 := | x_6 - sqrt(a) | ≤ 2**(e-144) -- general case with k = 72
// Because e ≤ 128 (as discussed during the first estimation phase), we know have reached a precision
// ε_6 ≤ 2**(e-144) < 1. Given we're operating on integers, then we can ensure that xn is now either
// sqrt(a) or sqrt(a) + 1.
return xn - SafeCast.toUint(xn > a / xn);
}
}
/**
* @dev Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
*/
function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
uint256 result = sqrt(a);
return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && result * result < a);
}
}
/**
* @dev Return the log in base 2 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
* Returns 0 if given 0.
*/
function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
uint256 result = 0;
uint256 exp;
unchecked {
exp = 128 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 128) - 1);
value >>= exp;
result += exp;
exp = 64 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 64) - 1);
value >>= exp;
result += exp;
exp = 32 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 32) - 1);
value >>= exp;
result += exp;
exp = 16 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 16) - 1);
value >>= exp;
result += exp;
exp = 8 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 8) - 1);
value >>= exp;
result += exp;
exp = 4 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 4) - 1);
value >>= exp;
result += exp;
exp = 2 * SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 2) - 1);
value >>= exp;
result += exp;
result += SafeCast.toUint(value > 1);
}
return result;
}
/**
* @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
* Returns 0 if given 0.
*/
function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
uint256 result = log2(value);
return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << result < value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Return the log in base 10 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
* Returns 0 if given 0.
*/
function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
uint256 result = 0;
unchecked {
if (value >= 10 ** 64) {
value /= 10 ** 64;
result += 64;
}
if (value >= 10 ** 32) {
value /= 10 ** 32;
result += 32;
}
if (value >= 10 ** 16) {
value /= 10 ** 16;
result += 16;
}
if (value >= 10 ** 8) {
value /= 10 ** 8;
result += 8;
}
if (value >= 10 ** 4) {
value /= 10 ** 4;
result += 4;
}
if (value >= 10 ** 2) {
value /= 10 ** 2;
result += 2;
}
if (value >= 10 ** 1) {
result += 1;
}
}
return result;
}
/**
* @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
* Returns 0 if given 0.
*/
function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
uint256 result = log10(value);
return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 10 ** result < value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Return the log in base 256 of a positive value rounded towards zero.
* Returns 0 if given 0.
*
* Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
*/
function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
uint256 result = 0;
uint256 isGt;
unchecked {
isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 128) - 1);
value >>= isGt * 128;
result += isGt * 16;
isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 64) - 1);
value >>= isGt * 64;
result += isGt * 8;
isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 32) - 1);
value >>= isGt * 32;
result += isGt * 4;
isGt = SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 16) - 1);
value >>= isGt * 16;
result += isGt * 2;
result += SafeCast.toUint(value > (1 << 8) - 1);
}
return result;
}
/**
* @dev Return the log in base 256, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
* Returns 0 if given 0.
*/
function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
uint256 result = log256(value);
return result + SafeCast.toUint(unsignedRoundsUp(rounding) && 1 << (result << 3) < value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns whether a provided rounding mode is considered rounding up for unsigned integers.
*/
function unsignedRoundsUp(Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (bool) {
return uint8(rounding) % 2 == 1;
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SafeCast.sol)
// This file was procedurally generated from scripts/generate/templates/SafeCast.js.
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @dev Wrappers over Solidity's uintXX/intXX/bool casting operators with added overflow
* checks.
*
* Downcasting from uint256/int256 in Solidity does not revert on overflow. This can
* easily result in undesired exploitation or bugs, since developers usually
* assume that overflows raise errors. `SafeCast` restores this intuition by
* reverting the transaction when such an operation overflows.
*
* Using this library instead of the unchecked operations eliminates an entire
* class of bugs, so it's recommended to use it always.
*/
library SafeCast {
/**
* @dev Value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
*/
error SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(uint8 bits, uint256 value);
/**
* @dev An int value doesn't fit in an uint of `bits` size.
*/
error SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(int256 value);
/**
* @dev Value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
*/
error SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(uint8 bits, int256 value);
/**
* @dev An uint value doesn't fit in an int of `bits` size.
*/
error SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(uint256 value);
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint248 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint248).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint248` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 248 bits
*/
function toUint248(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint248) {
if (value > type(uint248).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(248, value);
}
return uint248(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint240 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint240).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint240` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 240 bits
*/
function toUint240(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint240) {
if (value > type(uint240).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(240, value);
}
return uint240(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint232 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint232).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint232` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 232 bits
*/
function toUint232(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint232) {
if (value > type(uint232).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(232, value);
}
return uint232(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint224 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint224).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint224` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 224 bits
*/
function toUint224(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint224) {
if (value > type(uint224).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(224, value);
}
return uint224(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint216 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint216).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint216` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 216 bits
*/
function toUint216(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint216) {
if (value > type(uint216).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(216, value);
}
return uint216(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint208 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint208).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint208` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 208 bits
*/
function toUint208(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint208) {
if (value > type(uint208).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(208, value);
}
return uint208(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint200 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint200).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint200` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 200 bits
*/
function toUint200(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint200) {
if (value > type(uint200).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(200, value);
}
return uint200(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint192 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint192).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint192` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 192 bits
*/
function toUint192(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint192) {
if (value > type(uint192).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(192, value);
}
return uint192(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint184 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint184).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint184` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 184 bits
*/
function toUint184(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint184) {
if (value > type(uint184).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(184, value);
}
return uint184(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint176 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint176).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint176` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 176 bits
*/
function toUint176(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint176) {
if (value > type(uint176).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(176, value);
}
return uint176(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint168 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint168).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint168` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 168 bits
*/
function toUint168(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint168) {
if (value > type(uint168).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(168, value);
}
return uint168(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint160 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint160).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint160` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 160 bits
*/
function toUint160(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint160) {
if (value > type(uint160).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(160, value);
}
return uint160(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint152 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint152).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint152` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 152 bits
*/
function toUint152(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint152) {
if (value > type(uint152).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(152, value);
}
return uint152(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint144 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint144).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint144` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 144 bits
*/
function toUint144(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint144) {
if (value > type(uint144).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(144, value);
}
return uint144(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint136 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint136).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint136` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 136 bits
*/
function toUint136(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint136) {
if (value > type(uint136).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(136, value);
}
return uint136(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint128 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint128).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint128` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 128 bits
*/
function toUint128(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint128) {
if (value > type(uint128).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(128, value);
}
return uint128(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint120 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint120).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint120` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 120 bits
*/
function toUint120(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint120) {
if (value > type(uint120).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(120, value);
}
return uint120(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint112 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint112).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint112` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 112 bits
*/
function toUint112(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint112) {
if (value > type(uint112).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(112, value);
}
return uint112(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint104 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint104).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint104` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 104 bits
*/
function toUint104(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint104) {
if (value > type(uint104).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(104, value);
}
return uint104(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint96 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint96).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint96` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 96 bits
*/
function toUint96(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint96) {
if (value > type(uint96).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(96, value);
}
return uint96(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint88 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint88).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint88` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 88 bits
*/
function toUint88(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint88) {
if (value > type(uint88).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(88, value);
}
return uint88(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint80 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint80).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint80` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 80 bits
*/
function toUint80(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint80) {
if (value > type(uint80).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(80, value);
}
return uint80(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint72 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint72).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint72` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 72 bits
*/
function toUint72(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint72) {
if (value > type(uint72).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(72, value);
}
return uint72(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint64 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint64).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint64` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 64 bits
*/
function toUint64(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint64) {
if (value > type(uint64).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(64, value);
}
return uint64(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint56 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint56).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint56` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 56 bits
*/
function toUint56(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint56) {
if (value > type(uint56).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(56, value);
}
return uint56(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint48 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint48).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint48` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 48 bits
*/
function toUint48(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint48) {
if (value > type(uint48).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(48, value);
}
return uint48(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint40 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint40).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint40` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 40 bits
*/
function toUint40(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint40) {
if (value > type(uint40).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(40, value);
}
return uint40(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint32 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint32).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint32` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 32 bits
*/
function toUint32(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint32) {
if (value > type(uint32).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(32, value);
}
return uint32(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint24 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint24).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint24` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 24 bits
*/
function toUint24(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint24) {
if (value > type(uint24).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(24, value);
}
return uint24(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint16 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint16).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint16` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 16 bits
*/
function toUint16(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint16) {
if (value > type(uint16).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(16, value);
}
return uint16(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted uint8 from uint256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is greater than largest uint8).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `uint8` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 8 bits
*/
function toUint8(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint8) {
if (value > type(uint8).max) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintDowncast(8, value);
}
return uint8(value);
}
/**
* @dev Converts a signed int256 into an unsigned uint256.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must be greater than or equal to 0.
*/
function toUint256(int256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
if (value < 0) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntToUint(value);
}
return uint256(value);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int248 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int248 or
* greater than largest int248).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int248` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 248 bits
*/
function toInt248(int256 value) internal pure returns (int248 downcasted) {
downcasted = int248(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(248, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int240 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int240 or
* greater than largest int240).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int240` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 240 bits
*/
function toInt240(int256 value) internal pure returns (int240 downcasted) {
downcasted = int240(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(240, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int232 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int232 or
* greater than largest int232).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int232` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 232 bits
*/
function toInt232(int256 value) internal pure returns (int232 downcasted) {
downcasted = int232(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(232, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int224 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int224 or
* greater than largest int224).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int224` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 224 bits
*/
function toInt224(int256 value) internal pure returns (int224 downcasted) {
downcasted = int224(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(224, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int216 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int216 or
* greater than largest int216).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int216` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 216 bits
*/
function toInt216(int256 value) internal pure returns (int216 downcasted) {
downcasted = int216(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(216, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int208 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int208 or
* greater than largest int208).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int208` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 208 bits
*/
function toInt208(int256 value) internal pure returns (int208 downcasted) {
downcasted = int208(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(208, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int200 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int200 or
* greater than largest int200).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int200` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 200 bits
*/
function toInt200(int256 value) internal pure returns (int200 downcasted) {
downcasted = int200(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(200, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int192 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int192 or
* greater than largest int192).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int192` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 192 bits
*/
function toInt192(int256 value) internal pure returns (int192 downcasted) {
downcasted = int192(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(192, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int184 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int184 or
* greater than largest int184).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int184` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 184 bits
*/
function toInt184(int256 value) internal pure returns (int184 downcasted) {
downcasted = int184(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(184, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int176 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int176 or
* greater than largest int176).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int176` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 176 bits
*/
function toInt176(int256 value) internal pure returns (int176 downcasted) {
downcasted = int176(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(176, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int168 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int168 or
* greater than largest int168).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int168` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 168 bits
*/
function toInt168(int256 value) internal pure returns (int168 downcasted) {
downcasted = int168(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(168, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int160 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int160 or
* greater than largest int160).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int160` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 160 bits
*/
function toInt160(int256 value) internal pure returns (int160 downcasted) {
downcasted = int160(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(160, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int152 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int152 or
* greater than largest int152).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int152` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 152 bits
*/
function toInt152(int256 value) internal pure returns (int152 downcasted) {
downcasted = int152(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(152, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int144 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int144 or
* greater than largest int144).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int144` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 144 bits
*/
function toInt144(int256 value) internal pure returns (int144 downcasted) {
downcasted = int144(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(144, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int136 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int136 or
* greater than largest int136).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int136` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 136 bits
*/
function toInt136(int256 value) internal pure returns (int136 downcasted) {
downcasted = int136(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(136, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int128 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int128 or
* greater than largest int128).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int128` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 128 bits
*/
function toInt128(int256 value) internal pure returns (int128 downcasted) {
downcasted = int128(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(128, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int120 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int120 or
* greater than largest int120).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int120` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 120 bits
*/
function toInt120(int256 value) internal pure returns (int120 downcasted) {
downcasted = int120(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(120, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int112 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int112 or
* greater than largest int112).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int112` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 112 bits
*/
function toInt112(int256 value) internal pure returns (int112 downcasted) {
downcasted = int112(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(112, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int104 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int104 or
* greater than largest int104).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int104` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 104 bits
*/
function toInt104(int256 value) internal pure returns (int104 downcasted) {
downcasted = int104(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(104, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int96 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int96 or
* greater than largest int96).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int96` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 96 bits
*/
function toInt96(int256 value) internal pure returns (int96 downcasted) {
downcasted = int96(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(96, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int88 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int88 or
* greater than largest int88).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int88` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 88 bits
*/
function toInt88(int256 value) internal pure returns (int88 downcasted) {
downcasted = int88(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(88, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int80 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int80 or
* greater than largest int80).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int80` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 80 bits
*/
function toInt80(int256 value) internal pure returns (int80 downcasted) {
downcasted = int80(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(80, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int72 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int72 or
* greater than largest int72).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int72` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 72 bits
*/
function toInt72(int256 value) internal pure returns (int72 downcasted) {
downcasted = int72(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(72, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int64 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int64 or
* greater than largest int64).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int64` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 64 bits
*/
function toInt64(int256 value) internal pure returns (int64 downcasted) {
downcasted = int64(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(64, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int56 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int56 or
* greater than largest int56).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int56` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 56 bits
*/
function toInt56(int256 value) internal pure returns (int56 downcasted) {
downcasted = int56(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(56, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int48 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int48 or
* greater than largest int48).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int48` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 48 bits
*/
function toInt48(int256 value) internal pure returns (int48 downcasted) {
downcasted = int48(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(48, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int40 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int40 or
* greater than largest int40).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int40` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 40 bits
*/
function toInt40(int256 value) internal pure returns (int40 downcasted) {
downcasted = int40(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(40, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int32 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int32 or
* greater than largest int32).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int32` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 32 bits
*/
function toInt32(int256 value) internal pure returns (int32 downcasted) {
downcasted = int32(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(32, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int24 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int24 or
* greater than largest int24).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int24` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 24 bits
*/
function toInt24(int256 value) internal pure returns (int24 downcasted) {
downcasted = int24(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(24, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int16 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int16 or
* greater than largest int16).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int16` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 16 bits
*/
function toInt16(int256 value) internal pure returns (int16 downcasted) {
downcasted = int16(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(16, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the downcasted int8 from int256, reverting on
* overflow (when the input is less than smallest int8 or
* greater than largest int8).
*
* Counterpart to Solidity's `int8` operator.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must fit into 8 bits
*/
function toInt8(int256 value) internal pure returns (int8 downcasted) {
downcasted = int8(value);
if (downcasted != value) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedIntDowncast(8, value);
}
}
/**
* @dev Converts an unsigned uint256 into a signed int256.
*
* Requirements:
*
* - input must be less than or equal to maxInt256.
*/
function toInt256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (int256) {
// Note: Unsafe cast below is okay because `type(int256).max` is guaranteed to be positive
if (value > uint256(type(int256).max)) {
revert SafeCastOverflowedUintToInt(value);
}
return int256(value);
}
/**
* @dev Cast a boolean (false or true) to a uint256 (0 or 1) with no jump.
*/
function toUint(bool b) internal pure returns (uint256 u) {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
u := iszero(iszero(b))
}
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/math/SignedMath.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
import {SafeCast} from "./SafeCast.sol";
/**
* @dev Standard signed math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
*/
library SignedMath {
/**
* @dev Branchless ternary evaluation for `a ? b : c`. Gas costs are constant.
*
* IMPORTANT: This function may reduce bytecode size and consume less gas when used standalone.
* However, the compiler may optimize Solidity ternary operations (i.e. `a ? b : c`) to only compute
* one branch when needed, making this function more expensive.
*/
function ternary(bool condition, int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
unchecked {
// branchless ternary works because:
// b ^ (a ^ b) == a
// b ^ 0 == b
return b ^ ((a ^ b) * int256(SafeCast.toUint(condition)));
}
}
/**
* @dev Returns the largest of two signed numbers.
*/
function max(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
return ternary(a > b, a, b);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the smallest of two signed numbers.
*/
function min(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
return ternary(a < b, a, b);
}
/**
* @dev Returns the average of two signed numbers without overflow.
* The result is rounded towards zero.
*/
function average(int256 a, int256 b) internal pure returns (int256) {
// Formula from the book "Hacker's Delight"
int256 x = (a & b) + ((a ^ b) >> 1);
return x + (int256(uint256(x) >> 255) & (a ^ b));
}
/**
* @dev Returns the absolute unsigned value of a signed value.
*/
function abs(int256 n) internal pure returns (uint256) {
unchecked {
// Formula from the "Bit Twiddling Hacks" by Sean Eron Anderson.
// Since `n` is a signed integer, the generated bytecode will use the SAR opcode to perform the right shift,
// taking advantage of the most significant (or "sign" bit) in two's complement representation.
// This opcode adds new most significant bits set to the value of the previous most significant bit. As a result,
// the mask will either be `bytes32(0)` (if n is positive) or `~bytes32(0)` (if n is negative).
int256 mask = n >> 255;
// A `bytes32(0)` mask leaves the input unchanged, while a `~bytes32(0)` mask complements it.
return uint256((n + mask) ^ mask);
}
}
}
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v5.1.0) (utils/Panic.sol)
pragma solidity ^0.8.20;
/**
* @dev Helper library for emitting standardized panic codes.
*
* ```solidity
* contract Example {
* using Panic for uint256;
*
* // Use any of the declared internal constants
* function foo() { Panic.GENERIC.panic(); }
*
* // Alternatively
* function foo() { Panic.panic(Panic.GENERIC); }
* }
* ```
*
* Follows the list from https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/blob/v0.8.24/libsolutil/ErrorCodes.h[libsolutil].
*
* _Available since v5.1._
*/
// slither-disable-next-line unused-state
library Panic {
/// @dev generic / unspecified error
uint256 internal constant GENERIC = 0x00;
/// @dev used by the assert() builtin
uint256 internal constant ASSERT = 0x01;
/// @dev arithmetic underflow or overflow
uint256 internal constant UNDER_OVERFLOW = 0x11;
/// @dev division or modulo by zero
uint256 internal constant DIVISION_BY_ZERO = 0x12;
/// @dev enum conversion error
uint256 internal constant ENUM_CONVERSION_ERROR = 0x21;
/// @dev invalid encoding in storage
uint256 internal constant STORAGE_ENCODING_ERROR = 0x22;
/// @dev empty array pop
uint256 internal constant EMPTY_ARRAY_POP = 0x31;
/// @dev array out of bounds access
uint256 internal constant ARRAY_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = 0x32;
/// @dev resource error (too large allocation or too large array)
uint256 internal constant RESOURCE_ERROR = 0x41;
/// @dev calling invalid internal function
uint256 internal constant INVALID_INTERNAL_FUNCTION = 0x51;
/// @dev Reverts with a panic code. Recommended to use with
/// the internal constants with predefined codes.
function panic(uint256 code) internal pure {
assembly ("memory-safe") {
mstore(0x00, 0x4e487b71)
mstore(0x20, code)
revert(0x1c, 0x24)
}
}
}