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Contract Diff Checker

Contract Name:
CollectionMetadataRenderer

Contract Source Code:

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.10;

import {StringsUpgradeable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/utils/StringsUpgradeable.sol";
import {IERC721MetadataUpgradeable} from "@openzeppelin/contracts-upgradeable/interfaces/IERC721MetadataUpgradeable.sol";
import {IMetadataRenderer} from "../interfaces/IMetadataRenderer.sol";
import {DynamicMetadataRenderer} from "./DynamicMetadataRenderer.sol";
import {MetadataRenderAdminCheck} from "./MetadataRenderAdminCheck.sol";

/// @notice Collection metadata system
contract CollectionMetadataRenderer is IMetadataRenderer, MetadataRenderAdminCheck {
    error MetadataFrozen();

    /// Event to mark updated metadata information
    event MetadataUpdated(address indexed target, string metadataBase, string metadataExtension, string contractURI, uint256 freezeAt);

    event DynamicMetadataUpdated(address indexed target, string imageURI, string animationURI);

    /// @notice Hash to mark updated provenance hash
    event ProvenanceHashUpdated(address indexed target, bytes32 provenanceHash);

    /// @notice Struct to store metadata info and update data
    struct MetadataURIInfo {
        string base;
        string extension;
        string contractURI;
        uint256 freezeAt;
    }

    struct DynamicMetadataInfo {
        string description;
        string imageURI;
        string animationURI;
    }

    /// @notice NFT metadata by contract
    mapping(address => MetadataURIInfo) public metadataBaseByContract;

    /// @notice Dynamic NFT metadata by contract
    mapping(address => DynamicMetadataInfo) public dynamicMetadataInfoByContract;

    /// @notice Optional provenance hashes for NFT metadata by contract
    mapping(address => bytes32) public provenanceHashes;

    /// @notice Standard init for collection metadata from root collection contract
    /// @param metadataBase passed in for initialization
    /// @param dynamicTokenData passed in for initialization
    function initializeWithData(bytes memory metadataBase, bytes memory dynamicTokenData) external {
        if (metadataBase.length > 0) {
            (string memory initialBaseURI, string memory initialContractURI) = abi.decode(metadataBase, (string, string));
            _updateMetadataDetails(msg.sender, initialBaseURI, "", initialContractURI, 0);
        }

        if (dynamicTokenData.length > 0) {
            (string memory description, string memory imageURI, string memory animationURI) = abi.decode(dynamicTokenData, (string, string, string));
            _updateDynamicMetadataInfo(msg.sender, description, imageURI, animationURI);            
        }
    }

    /// @notice Update the provenance hash (optional) for a given nft
    /// @param target target address to update
    /// @param provenanceHash provenance hash to set
    function updateProvenanceHash(address target, bytes32 provenanceHash) external requireSenderAdmin(target) {
        provenanceHashes[target] = provenanceHash;
        emit ProvenanceHashUpdated(target, provenanceHash);
    }

    /// @notice Update metadata base URI and contract URI
    /// @param target target contract to update metadata for
    /// @param metadataBaseURI new base URI
    /// @param newContractURI new contract URI (can be an empty string)
    function updateMetadataBase(address target, string memory metadataBaseURI, string memory newContractURI) external requireSenderAdmin(target) {
        _updateMetadataDetails(target, metadataBaseURI, "", newContractURI, 0);
    }

    /// @notice Update metadata base URI, extension, contract URI and freezing details
    /// @param target target contract to update metadata for
    /// @param metadataBase new base URI to update metadata with
    /// @param metadataExtension new extension to append to base metadata URI
    /// @param freezeAt time to freeze the contract metadata at (set to 0 to disable)
    /// @param newContractURI new contract URI (can be an empty string)
    function updateMetadataBaseWithDetails(
        address target,
        string memory metadataBase,
        string memory metadataExtension,
        string memory newContractURI,
        uint256 freezeAt
    ) external requireSenderAdmin(target) {
        _updateMetadataDetails(target, metadataBase, metadataExtension, newContractURI, freezeAt);
    }

    /// @notice Internal metadata update function
    /// @param metadataBase Bbase URI to update metadata with
    /// @param metadataExtension extension URI to append to base metadata URI
    /// @param freezeAt timestamp to freeze metadata (set to 0 to disable freezing)
    function _updateMetadataDetails(
        address target,
        string memory metadataBase,
        string memory metadataExtension,
        string memory newContractURI,
        uint256 freezeAt
    ) internal {
        uint256 contractFreezeTime = metadataBaseByContract[target].freezeAt;
        if (contractFreezeTime != 0 && contractFreezeTime <= block.timestamp) {
            revert MetadataFrozen();
        }

        metadataBaseByContract[target] = MetadataURIInfo({base: metadataBase, extension: metadataExtension, contractURI: newContractURI, freezeAt: freezeAt});

        emit MetadataUpdated({
            target: target,
            metadataBase: metadataBase,
            metadataExtension: metadataExtension,
            contractURI: newContractURI,
            freezeAt: freezeAt
        });
    }

    function updateDynamicMetadataInfo(
        address target,
        string memory description,
        string memory imageURI,
        string memory animationURI
    ) external requireSenderAdmin(target) {
        _updateDynamicMetadataInfo(target, description, imageURI, animationURI);
    }

    function _updateDynamicMetadataInfo(
        address target,
        string memory description,
        string memory imageURI,
        string memory animationURI
    ) internal {
        dynamicMetadataInfoByContract[target] = DynamicMetadataInfo({
            description: description,
            imageURI: imageURI,
            animationURI: animationURI
        });

        emit DynamicMetadataUpdated({target: target, imageURI: imageURI, animationURI: animationURI});
    }

    /// @notice A contract URI for the given collection contract
    /// @dev reverts if a contract uri is not provided
    /// @return contract uri for the contract metadata
    function contractURI() external view override returns (string memory) {
        string memory uri = metadataBaseByContract[msg.sender].contractURI;
        if (bytes(uri).length == 0) revert();
        return uri;
    }

    /// @notice A token URI for the given collection contract
    /// @dev reverts if a contract uri is not set
    /// @return token URI for the given token ID and contract (set by msg.sender)
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId, bool revealed) external view override returns (string memory) {
        if (!revealed) {
            return dynamicTokenURI(tokenId);
        }
        MetadataURIInfo memory info = metadataBaseByContract[msg.sender];

        if (bytes(info.base).length == 0) revert();

        return string(abi.encodePacked(info.base, StringsUpgradeable.toString(tokenId), info.extension));
    }

    /// @notice A token URI for the given collection contract, handle when image is the same, ex, pre-reveal
    /// @dev reverts if a contract uri is not set
    /// @return token URI for the given token ID and contract (set by msg.sender)
    function dynamicTokenURI(uint256 tokenId) public view returns (string memory) {
        DynamicMetadataInfo memory info = dynamicMetadataInfoByContract[msg.sender];

        address target = msg.sender;

        if (bytes(info.imageURI).length == 0 && bytes(info.animationURI).length == 0) revert();

        return
            DynamicMetadataRenderer.createMetadata({
                name: IERC721MetadataUpgradeable(target).name(),
                description: info.description,
                imageURI: info.imageURI,
                animationURI: info.animationURI,
                isEdition: false,
                tokenId: tokenId
            });
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/MathUpgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library StringsUpgradeable {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = MathUpgradeable.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, MathUpgradeable.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (interfaces/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721MetadataUpgradeable.sol";

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.10;

interface IMetadataRenderer {
    function tokenURI(uint256, bool) external view returns (string memory);
    function contractURI() external view returns (string memory);
    function initializeWithData(bytes memory metadataBase, bytes memory dynamicTokenData) external;
    function updateMetadataBase(
        address collection, 
        string memory baseURI, 
        string memory metadataURI
    ) external;
    function updateMetadataBaseWithDetails(
        address collection, 
        string memory baseURI, 
        string memory extension,
        string memory metadataURI,
        uint256 freezeAt
    ) external;
    function dynamicTokenURI(uint256) external view returns (string memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.10;

import {Strings} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Strings.sol";
import {Base64} from "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Base64.sol";

/// NFT metadata library for dynamically render metadata
library DynamicMetadataRenderer {
    /// Generate metadata from storage information as base64-json blob
    /// Combines the media data and metadata
    /// @param name Name of NFT in metadata
    /// @param description Description of NFT in metadata
    /// @param imageURI URI of image to render for edition
    /// @param animationURI URI of animation to render for edition
    /// @param isEdition collection type
    /// @param tokenId Token ID for specific token
    function createMetadata(
        string memory name,
        string memory description,
        string memory imageURI,
        string memory animationURI,
        bool isEdition,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        string memory _tokenMediaData = tokenMediaData(imageURI, animationURI);
        bytes memory json = createMetadataJSON(name, description, _tokenMediaData, isEdition, tokenId);
        return encodeMetadataJSON(json);
    }

    /// Function to create the metadata json string for the nft edition
    /// @param name Name of NFT in metadata
    /// @param description Description of NFT in metadata
    /// @param mediaData Data for media to include in json object
    /// @param isEdition different format for edition metadata
    /// @param tokenId Token ID for specific token
    function createMetadataJSON(
        string memory name,
        string memory description,
        string memory mediaData,
        bool isEdition,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) internal pure returns (bytes memory) {
        if (isEdition) {
            return
                abi.encodePacked(
                    '{"name": "',
                    name,
                    " #",
                    Strings.toString(tokenId),
                    '", "',
                    'description": "',
                    description,
                    '", "',
                    mediaData,
                    ','
                    '"properties": {"number": ',
                    Strings.toString(tokenId),
                    ', "name": "',
                    name,
                    '"}}'
                );
        } else {
            return abi.encodePacked('{"name": "', name, " #", Strings.toString(tokenId), '", "', 'description": "', description, '", "', mediaData, "}");
        }
    }

    function encodeContractURIJSON(
        string memory name,
        string memory description,
        string memory imageURI,
        string memory animationURI,
        uint256 royaltyBPS,
        address royaltyRecipient
    ) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory imageSpace = bytes("");
        if (bytes(imageURI).length > 0) {
            imageSpace = abi.encodePacked('", "image": "', imageURI);
        }
        bytes memory animationSpace = bytes("");
        if (bytes(animationURI).length > 0) {
            animationSpace = abi.encodePacked('", "animation_url": "', animationURI);
        }

        return
            string(
                encodeMetadataJSON(
                    abi.encodePacked(
                        '{"name": "',
                        name,
                        '", "description": "',
                        description,
                        // this is for opensea since they don't respect ERC2981 right now
                        '", "seller_fee_basis_points": ',
                        Strings.toString(royaltyBPS),
                        ', "fee_recipient": "',
                        Strings.toHexString(uint256(uint160(royaltyRecipient)), 20),
                        imageSpace,
                        animationSpace,
                        '"}'
                    )
                )
            );
    }

    /// Encodes the argument json bytes into base64-data uri format
    /// @param json Raw json to base64 and turn into a data-uri
    function encodeMetadataJSON(bytes memory json) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return string(abi.encodePacked("data:application/json;base64,", Base64.encode(json)));
    }

    /// Generates edition metadata from storage information as base64-json blob
    /// Combines the media data and metadata
    /// @param imageUrl URL of image to render for edition
    /// @param animationUrl URL of animation to render for edition
    function tokenMediaData(string memory imageUrl, string memory animationUrl) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bool hasImage = bytes(imageUrl).length > 0;
        bool hasAnimation = bytes(animationUrl).length > 0;
        if (hasImage && hasAnimation) {
            return string(abi.encodePacked('image": "', imageUrl, '", "animation_url": "', animationUrl, '"'));
        }
        if (hasImage) {
            return string(abi.encodePacked('image": "', imageUrl, '"'));
        }
        if (hasAnimation) {
            return string(abi.encodePacked('animation_url": "', animationUrl, '"'));
        }

        return "";
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.10;

import {IERC721Collection} from "../interfaces/IERC721Collection.sol";

contract MetadataRenderAdminCheck {
    error Access_OnlyAdmin();

    /// @notice Modifier to require the sender to be an admin
    /// @param target address that the user wants to modify
    modifier requireSenderAdmin(address target) {
        if (target != msg.sender && !IERC721Collection(target).isAdmin(msg.sender)) {
            revert Access_OnlyAdmin();
        }

        _;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library MathUpgradeable {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1);

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator,
        Rounding rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10**64) {
                value /= 10**64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10**32) {
                value /= 10**32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10**16) {
                value /= 10**16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10**8) {
                value /= 10**8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10**4) {
                value /= 10**4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10**2) {
                value /= 10**2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10**1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10**result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result * 8) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (token/ERC721/extensions/IERC721Metadata.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../IERC721Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @title ERC-721 Non-Fungible Token Standard, optional metadata extension
 * @dev See https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-721
 */
interface IERC721MetadataUpgradeable is IERC721Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection name.
     */
    function name() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the token collection symbol.
     */
    function symbol() external view returns (string memory);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) for `tokenId` token.
     */
    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (string memory);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/Strings.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "./math/Math.sol";

/**
 * @dev String operations.
 */
library Strings {
    bytes16 private constant _SYMBOLS = "0123456789abcdef";
    uint8 private constant _ADDRESS_LENGTH = 20;

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` decimal representation.
     */
    function toString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 length = Math.log10(value) + 1;
            string memory buffer = new string(length);
            uint256 ptr;
            /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
            assembly {
                ptr := add(buffer, add(32, length))
            }
            while (true) {
                ptr--;
                /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
                assembly {
                    mstore8(ptr, byte(mod(value, 10), _SYMBOLS))
                }
                value /= 10;
                if (value == 0) break;
            }
            return buffer;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        unchecked {
            return toHexString(value, Math.log256(value) + 1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `uint256` to its ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation with fixed length.
     */
    function toHexString(uint256 value, uint256 length) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        bytes memory buffer = new bytes(2 * length + 2);
        buffer[0] = "0";
        buffer[1] = "x";
        for (uint256 i = 2 * length + 1; i > 1; --i) {
            buffer[i] = _SYMBOLS[value & 0xf];
            value >>= 4;
        }
        require(value == 0, "Strings: hex length insufficient");
        return string(buffer);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Converts an `address` with fixed length of 20 bytes to its not checksummed ASCII `string` hexadecimal representation.
     */
    function toHexString(address addr) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        return toHexString(uint256(uint160(addr)), _ADDRESS_LENGTH);
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.7.0) (utils/Base64.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Provides a set of functions to operate with Base64 strings.
 *
 * _Available since v4.5._
 */
library Base64 {
    /**
     * @dev Base64 Encoding/Decoding Table
     */
    string internal constant _TABLE = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";

    /**
     * @dev Converts a `bytes` to its Bytes64 `string` representation.
     */
    function encode(bytes memory data) internal pure returns (string memory) {
        /**
         * Inspired by Brecht Devos (Brechtpd) implementation - MIT licence
         * https://github.com/Brechtpd/base64/blob/e78d9fd951e7b0977ddca77d92dc85183770daf4/base64.sol
         */
        if (data.length == 0) return "";

        // Loads the table into memory
        string memory table = _TABLE;

        // Encoding takes 3 bytes chunks of binary data from `bytes` data parameter
        // and split into 4 numbers of 6 bits.
        // The final Base64 length should be `bytes` data length multiplied by 4/3 rounded up
        // - `data.length + 2`  -> Round up
        // - `/ 3`              -> Number of 3-bytes chunks
        // - `4 *`              -> 4 characters for each chunk
        string memory result = new string(4 * ((data.length + 2) / 3));

        /// @solidity memory-safe-assembly
        assembly {
            // Prepare the lookup table (skip the first "length" byte)
            let tablePtr := add(table, 1)

            // Prepare result pointer, jump over length
            let resultPtr := add(result, 32)

            // Run over the input, 3 bytes at a time
            for {
                let dataPtr := data
                let endPtr := add(data, mload(data))
            } lt(dataPtr, endPtr) {

            } {
                // Advance 3 bytes
                dataPtr := add(dataPtr, 3)
                let input := mload(dataPtr)

                // To write each character, shift the 3 bytes (18 bits) chunk
                // 4 times in blocks of 6 bits for each character (18, 12, 6, 0)
                // and apply logical AND with 0x3F which is the number of
                // the previous character in the ASCII table prior to the Base64 Table
                // The result is then added to the table to get the character to write,
                // and finally write it in the result pointer but with a left shift
                // of 256 (1 byte) - 8 (1 ASCII char) = 248 bits

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(18, input), 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(12, input), 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(shr(6, input), 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance

                mstore8(resultPtr, mload(add(tablePtr, and(input, 0x3F))))
                resultPtr := add(resultPtr, 1) // Advance
            }

            // When data `bytes` is not exactly 3 bytes long
            // it is padded with `=` characters at the end
            switch mod(mload(data), 3)
            case 1 {
                mstore8(sub(resultPtr, 1), 0x3d)
                mstore8(sub(resultPtr, 2), 0x3d)
            }
            case 2 {
                mstore8(sub(resultPtr, 1), 0x3d)
            }
        }

        return result;
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.10;

import {IMetadataRenderer} from "../interfaces/IMetadataRenderer.sol";

/// @notice Interface for Freee Collection contract
interface IERC721Collection {
    // Enums
    /// @notice Phase type
    enum PhaseType {
        Public,
        Presale,
        Airdrop,
        AdminMint
    }

    // Access errors
    /// @notice Only admin can access this function
    error Access_OnlyAdmin();
    /// @notice Missing the given role or admin access
    error Access_MissingRoleOrAdmin(bytes32 role);
    /// @notice Withdraw is not allowed by this user
    error Access_WithdrawNotAllowed();
    /// @notice Cannot withdraw funds due to ETH send failure.
    error Withdraw_FundsSendFailure();
    /// @notice Call to external metadata renderer failed.
    error ExternalMetadataRenderer_CallFailed();

    // Sale/Purchase errors
    /// @notice Sale is inactive
    error Sale_Inactive();
    /// @notice Presale is inactive
    error Presale_Inactive();
    /// @notice Presale invalid, out of range
    error Presale_Invalid();
    /// @notice Exceed presale stage supply
    error Presale_ExceedStageSupply();
    /// @notice Presale merkle root is invalid
    error Presale_MerkleNotApproved();
    /// @notice Wrong price for purchase
    error Purchase_WrongPrice(uint256 correctPrice);
    /// @notice NFT sold out
    error Mint_SoldOut();
    /// @notice Too many purchase for address
    error Purchase_TooManyForAddress();
    /// @notice Too many presale for address
    error Presale_TooManyForAddress();
    /// @notice Collection already revealed
    error Collection_Aready_Revealed();
    /// @notice Trading locked before mint out
    error Collection_TradingLocked();

    // Admin errors
    /// @notice Presale stage out of supported range
    error Setup_Presale_StageOutOfRange();
    /// @notice Royalty percentage too high
    error Setup_RoyaltyPercentageTooHigh(uint16 maxRoyaltyBPS);
    /// @notice invalid collection size when update
    error Admin_InvalidCollectionSize();

    /// @notice Event emitted for mint fee payout
    /// @param mintFeeAmount amount of the mint fee
    /// @param mintFeeRecipient recipient of the mint fee
    /// @param success if the payout succeeded
    event MintFeePayout(uint256 mintFeeAmount, address mintFeeRecipient, bool success);

    /// @notice Event emitted for each sale
    /// @param phase phase of the sale
    /// @param to address sale was made to
    /// @param quantity quantity of the minted nfts
    /// @param pricePerToken price for each token
    /// @param firstPurchasedTokenId first purchased token ID (to get range add to quantity for max)
    /// @param presaleStage stageIndex of presale stage if applicable, else return 0
    event Sale(PhaseType phase, address indexed to, uint256 indexed quantity, uint256 indexed pricePerToken, uint256 firstPurchasedTokenId, uint256 presaleStage);

    /// @notice Event emitted for each sale
    /// @param sender address sale was made to
    /// @param tokenContract address of the token contract
    /// @param tokenId first purchased token ID (to get range add to quantity for max)
    /// @param quantity quantity of the minted nfts
    /// @param comment caller provided comment
    event MintComment(address indexed sender, address indexed tokenContract, uint256 indexed tokenId, uint256 quantity, string comment);

    /// @notice Contract has been configured and published
    /// @param changedBy Changed by user
    event ContractStatusChanged(address indexed changedBy);

    /// @notice Sales configuration has been changed
    /// @dev To access new sales configuration, use getter function.
    /// @param changedBy Changed by user
    event PublicSaleConfigChanged(address indexed changedBy);

    /// @notice Presale config changed
    /// @param changedBy changed by user
    event PresaleConfigChanged(address indexed changedBy);

    /// @notice Collection size reduced
    /// @param changedBy changed by user
    /// @param newSize new collection size
    event CollectionSizeReduced(address indexed changedBy, uint64 newSize);

    /// @notice event emit when user change the lock trading func
    /// @param changedBy changed by user
    /// @param status new status
    event LockTradingStatusChanged(address indexed changedBy, bool status);

    /// @notice Event emitted when the royalty percentage changed
    /// @param changedBy address that change the royalty
    /// @param newPercentage new royalty percentage
    /// @param newRecipient new royalty recipient
    event RoyaltyChanged(address indexed changedBy, uint256 newPercentage, address newRecipient);

    /// @notice Event emitted when the funds recipient is changed
    /// @param newAddress new address for the funds recipient
    /// @param changedBy address that the recipient is changed by
    event FundsRecipientChanged(address indexed newAddress, address indexed changedBy);

    /// @notice Event emitted when the funds are withdrawn from the minting contract
    /// @param withdrawnBy address that issued the withdraw
    /// @param withdrawnTo address that the funds were withdrawn to
    /// @param amount amount that was withdrawn
    /// @param feeRecipient user getting withdraw fee (if any)
    /// @param feeAmount amount of the fee getting sent (if any)
    event FundsWithdrawn(address indexed withdrawnBy, address indexed withdrawnTo, uint256 amount, address feeRecipient, uint256 feeAmount);

    /// @notice Collection dynamic metadata changed
    /// @param changedBy address that changed the info
    event DynamicMetadataChanged(address changedBy);

    /// @notice Collection has been revealed
    /// @param revealedBy Revealed by user
    event CollectionRevealed(address indexed revealedBy);

    /// @notice Event emitted when metadata renderer is updated.
    /// @param sender address of the updater
    /// @param renderer new metadata renderer address
    event UpdatedMetadataRenderer(address sender, IMetadataRenderer renderer);

    /// @notice General configuration for NFT Minting and bookkeeping
    struct Configuration {
        /// @dev Metadata renderer
        IMetadataRenderer metadataRenderer;
        /// @dev Max supply of collection
        uint64 collectionSize;
        /// @dev Royalty amount in bps
        uint16 royaltyBPS;
        /// @dev Funds recipient for sale
        address payable fundsRecipient;
        /// @dev Royalty recipient for secondary sale
        address payable royaltyRecipient;
        /// @dev collection reveal status
        bool revealed;
        /// @dev lock trading before mint out
        bool lockBeforeMintOut;
    }

    /// @notice Public sale configuration
    /// @dev Uses 1 storage slot
    struct PublicSaleConfiguration {
        /// @dev Public sale price (max ether value > 1000 ether with this value)
        uint104 publicSalePrice;
        /// @dev Purchase mint limit per address (if set to 0 === unlimited mints)
        uint32 maxSalePurchasePerAddress;
        /// @dev uint64 type allows for dates into 292 billion years
        uint64 publicSaleStart;
        uint64 publicSaleEnd;
        /// @dev Whether public sale is disabled
        bool publicSaleDisabled;
    }

    /// @notice Presale stage configuration
    struct PresaleConfiguration {
        /// @notice Presale stage human readable name
        string presaleName;
        /// @notice Presale start timestamp
        uint64 presaleStart;
        /// @notice Presale end timestamp
        uint64 presaleEnd;
        /// @notice Presale price in ether
        uint104 presalePrice;
        /// @notice Purchase mint limit per address (if set to 0 === unlimited mints)
        uint32 presaleMaxPurchasePerAddress;
        /// @notice supply allocated for presale stage
        uint32 presaleSupply;
        /// @notice amount minted for presale stage
        uint32 presaleMinted;
        /// @notice Presale merkle root
        bytes32 presaleMerkleRoot;
    }

    /// @notice Return type of specific mint counts and details per address
    struct AddressMintDetails {
        /// Number of presale mints for each stage from the given address
        uint256[] presaleMintsByStage;
        /// Number of presale mints from the given address
        uint256 presaleMints;
        /// Number of public mints from the given address
        uint256 publicMints;
        /// Number of total mints from the given address
        uint256 totalMints;
    }

    /// @notice External purchase function (payable in eth)
    /// @param quantity to purchase
    /// @return first minted token ID
    function purchase(uint256 quantity) external payable returns (uint256);

    /// @notice External purchase presale function (takes a merkle proof and matches to root) (payable in eth)
    /// @param stageIndex targetted presale stage
    /// @param quantity to purchase
    /// @param maxQuantity can purchase (verified by merkle root)
    /// @param pricePerToken price per token allowed (verified by merkle root)
    /// @param merkleProof input for merkle proof leaf verified by merkle root
    /// @return first minted token ID
    function purchasePresale(uint256 stageIndex, uint256 quantity, uint256 maxQuantity, uint256 pricePerToken, bytes32[] memory merkleProof) external payable returns (uint256);

    /// @notice Function to return the specific sales details for a given address
    /// @param minter address for minter to return mint information for
    function mintedPerAddress(address minter) external view returns (AddressMintDetails memory);

    /// @notice This is the opensea/public owner setting that can be set by the contract admin
    function owner() external view returns (address);

    /// @notice Admin function to update the public sale configuration settings
    /// @param newConfig updated public stage config
    function setPublicSaleConfiguration(PublicSaleConfiguration memory newConfig) external;

    /// @notice Admin function to update the presale configuration settings
    /// @param newConfig new presale configuration
    function setPresaleConfiguration(PresaleConfiguration[] calldata newConfig) external;

    /// @notice Admin function to reduce collection size (cut suppy)
    /// @param _newCollectionSize new collection size
    function reduceSupply(uint64 _newCollectionSize) external;

    /// @dev Reveal collection artworks
    /// @param collectionURI collection artwork URI
    /// @param extension collection artwork URI extension
    function revealCollection(string memory collectionURI, string memory extension) external;

    /// @notice Update the metadata renderer
    /// @param newRenderer new address for renderer
    /// @param metadataBase data to call to bootstrap data for the new renderer (optional)
    /// @param dynamicMetadataInfo data to call to bootstrap dynamic metadata for the new renderer (optional)
    function setMetadataRenderer(address newRenderer, bytes memory metadataBase, bytes memory dynamicMetadataInfo) external;

    /// @notice This is an admin mint function to mint a quantity to a specific address
    /// @param to address to mint to
    /// @param quantity quantity to mint
    /// @return the id of the first minted NFT
    function adminMint(address to, uint256 quantity) external returns (uint256);

    /// @notice This is an admin mint function to mint a single nft each to a list of addresses
    /// @param to list of addresses to mint an NFT each to
    /// @return the id of the first minted NFT
    function adminMintAirdrop(address[] memory to) external returns (uint256);

    /// @dev Getter for admin role associated with the contract to handle metadata
    /// @return boolean if address is admin
    function isAdmin(address user) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (token/ERC721/IERC721.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

import "../../utils/introspection/IERC165Upgradeable.sol";

/**
 * @dev Required interface of an ERC721 compliant contract.
 */
interface IERC721Upgradeable is IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `tokenId` token is transferred from `from` to `to`.
     */
    event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables `approved` to manage the `tokenId` token.
     */
    event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);

    /**
     * @dev Emitted when `owner` enables or disables (`approved`) `operator` to manage all of its assets.
     */
    event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the number of tokens in ``owner``'s account.
     */
    function balanceOf(address owner) external view returns (uint256 balance);

    /**
     * @dev Returns the owner of the `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function ownerOf(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address owner);

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId,
        bytes calldata data
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Safely transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`, checking first that contract recipients
     * are aware of the ERC721 protocol to prevent tokens from being forever locked.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must exist and be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must have been allowed to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     * - If `to` refers to a smart contract, it must implement {IERC721Receiver-onERC721Received}, which is called upon a safe transfer.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function safeTransferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Transfers `tokenId` token from `from` to `to`.
     *
     * WARNING: Note that the caller is responsible to confirm that the recipient is capable of receiving ERC721
     * or else they may be permanently lost. Usage of {safeTransferFrom} prevents loss, though the caller must
     * understand this adds an external call which potentially creates a reentrancy vulnerability.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `from` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `to` cannot be the zero address.
     * - `tokenId` token must be owned by `from`.
     * - If the caller is not `from`, it must be approved to move this token by either {approve} or {setApprovalForAll}.
     *
     * Emits a {Transfer} event.
     */
    function transferFrom(
        address from,
        address to,
        uint256 tokenId
    ) external;

    /**
     * @dev Gives permission to `to` to transfer `tokenId` token to another account.
     * The approval is cleared when the token is transferred.
     *
     * Only a single account can be approved at a time, so approving the zero address clears previous approvals.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The caller must own the token or be an approved operator.
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     *
     * Emits an {Approval} event.
     */
    function approve(address to, uint256 tokenId) external;

    /**
     * @dev Approve or remove `operator` as an operator for the caller.
     * Operators can call {transferFrom} or {safeTransferFrom} for any token owned by the caller.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - The `operator` cannot be the caller.
     *
     * Emits an {ApprovalForAll} event.
     */
    function setApprovalForAll(address operator, bool _approved) external;

    /**
     * @dev Returns the account approved for `tokenId` token.
     *
     * Requirements:
     *
     * - `tokenId` must exist.
     */
    function getApproved(uint256 tokenId) external view returns (address operator);

    /**
     * @dev Returns if the `operator` is allowed to manage all of the assets of `owner`.
     *
     * See {setApprovalForAll}
     */
    function isApprovedForAll(address owner, address operator) external view returns (bool);
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts (last updated v4.8.0) (utils/math/Math.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Standard math utilities missing in the Solidity language.
 */
library Math {
    enum Rounding {
        Down, // Toward negative infinity
        Up, // Toward infinity
        Zero // Toward zero
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the largest of two numbers.
     */
    function max(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a > b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the smallest of two numbers.
     */
    function min(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        return a < b ? a : b;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the average of two numbers. The result is rounded towards
     * zero.
     */
    function average(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b) / 2 can overflow.
        return (a & b) + (a ^ b) / 2;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the ceiling of the division of two numbers.
     *
     * This differs from standard division with `/` in that it rounds up instead
     * of rounding down.
     */
    function ceilDiv(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // (a + b - 1) / b can overflow on addition, so we distribute.
        return a == 0 ? 0 : (a - 1) / b + 1;
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates floor(x * y / denominator) with full precision. Throws if result overflows a uint256 or denominator == 0
     * @dev Original credit to Remco Bloemen under MIT license (https://xn--2-umb.com/21/muldiv)
     * with further edits by Uniswap Labs also under MIT license.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator
    ) internal pure returns (uint256 result) {
        unchecked {
            // 512-bit multiply [prod1 prod0] = x * y. Compute the product mod 2^256 and mod 2^256 - 1, then use
            // use the Chinese Remainder Theorem to reconstruct the 512 bit result. The result is stored in two 256
            // variables such that product = prod1 * 2^256 + prod0.
            uint256 prod0; // Least significant 256 bits of the product
            uint256 prod1; // Most significant 256 bits of the product
            assembly {
                let mm := mulmod(x, y, not(0))
                prod0 := mul(x, y)
                prod1 := sub(sub(mm, prod0), lt(mm, prod0))
            }

            // Handle non-overflow cases, 256 by 256 division.
            if (prod1 == 0) {
                return prod0 / denominator;
            }

            // Make sure the result is less than 2^256. Also prevents denominator == 0.
            require(denominator > prod1);

            ///////////////////////////////////////////////
            // 512 by 256 division.
            ///////////////////////////////////////////////

            // Make division exact by subtracting the remainder from [prod1 prod0].
            uint256 remainder;
            assembly {
                // Compute remainder using mulmod.
                remainder := mulmod(x, y, denominator)

                // Subtract 256 bit number from 512 bit number.
                prod1 := sub(prod1, gt(remainder, prod0))
                prod0 := sub(prod0, remainder)
            }

            // Factor powers of two out of denominator and compute largest power of two divisor of denominator. Always >= 1.
            // See https://cs.stackexchange.com/q/138556/92363.

            // Does not overflow because the denominator cannot be zero at this stage in the function.
            uint256 twos = denominator & (~denominator + 1);
            assembly {
                // Divide denominator by twos.
                denominator := div(denominator, twos)

                // Divide [prod1 prod0] by twos.
                prod0 := div(prod0, twos)

                // Flip twos such that it is 2^256 / twos. If twos is zero, then it becomes one.
                twos := add(div(sub(0, twos), twos), 1)
            }

            // Shift in bits from prod1 into prod0.
            prod0 |= prod1 * twos;

            // Invert denominator mod 2^256. Now that denominator is an odd number, it has an inverse modulo 2^256 such
            // that denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^256. Compute the inverse by starting with a seed that is correct for
            // four bits. That is, denominator * inv = 1 mod 2^4.
            uint256 inverse = (3 * denominator) ^ 2;

            // Use the Newton-Raphson iteration to improve the precision. Thanks to Hensel's lifting lemma, this also works
            // in modular arithmetic, doubling the correct bits in each step.
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^8
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^16
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^32
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^64
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^128
            inverse *= 2 - denominator * inverse; // inverse mod 2^256

            // Because the division is now exact we can divide by multiplying with the modular inverse of denominator.
            // This will give us the correct result modulo 2^256. Since the preconditions guarantee that the outcome is
            // less than 2^256, this is the final result. We don't need to compute the high bits of the result and prod1
            // is no longer required.
            result = prod0 * inverse;
            return result;
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates x * y / denominator with full precision, following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function mulDiv(
        uint256 x,
        uint256 y,
        uint256 denominator,
        Rounding rounding
    ) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = mulDiv(x, y, denominator);
        if (rounding == Rounding.Up && mulmod(x, y, denominator) > 0) {
            result += 1;
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Returns the square root of a number. If the number is not a perfect square, the value is rounded down.
     *
     * Inspired by Henry S. Warren, Jr.'s "Hacker's Delight" (Chapter 11).
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        // For our first guess, we get the biggest power of 2 which is smaller than the square root of the target.
        //
        // We know that the "msb" (most significant bit) of our target number `a` is a power of 2 such that we have
        // `msb(a) <= a < 2*msb(a)`. This value can be written `msb(a)=2**k` with `k=log2(a)`.
        //
        // This can be rewritten `2**log2(a) <= a < 2**(log2(a) + 1)`
        // → `sqrt(2**k) <= sqrt(a) < sqrt(2**(k+1))`
        // → `2**(k/2) <= sqrt(a) < 2**((k+1)/2) <= 2**(k/2 + 1)`
        //
        // Consequently, `2**(log2(a) / 2)` is a good first approximation of `sqrt(a)` with at least 1 correct bit.
        uint256 result = 1 << (log2(a) >> 1);

        // At this point `result` is an estimation with one bit of precision. We know the true value is a uint128,
        // since it is the square root of a uint256. Newton's method converges quadratically (precision doubles at
        // every iteration). We thus need at most 7 iteration to turn our partial result with one bit of precision
        // into the expected uint128 result.
        unchecked {
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            result = (result + a / result) >> 1;
            return min(result, a / result);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @notice Calculates sqrt(a), following the selected rounding direction.
     */
    function sqrt(uint256 a, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = sqrt(a);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && result * result < a ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 128;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                value >>= 8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 4 > 0) {
                value >>= 4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 2 > 0) {
                value >>= 2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 1 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 2, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log2(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log2(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >= 10**64) {
                value /= 10**64;
                result += 64;
            }
            if (value >= 10**32) {
                value /= 10**32;
                result += 32;
            }
            if (value >= 10**16) {
                value /= 10**16;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >= 10**8) {
                value /= 10**8;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >= 10**4) {
                value /= 10**4;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >= 10**2) {
                value /= 10**2;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >= 10**1) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log10(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log10(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 10**result < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 256, rounded down, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     *
     * Adding one to the result gives the number of pairs of hex symbols needed to represent `value` as a hex string.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 result = 0;
        unchecked {
            if (value >> 128 > 0) {
                value >>= 128;
                result += 16;
            }
            if (value >> 64 > 0) {
                value >>= 64;
                result += 8;
            }
            if (value >> 32 > 0) {
                value >>= 32;
                result += 4;
            }
            if (value >> 16 > 0) {
                value >>= 16;
                result += 2;
            }
            if (value >> 8 > 0) {
                result += 1;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Return the log in base 10, following the selected rounding direction, of a positive value.
     * Returns 0 if given 0.
     */
    function log256(uint256 value, Rounding rounding) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        unchecked {
            uint256 result = log256(value);
            return result + (rounding == Rounding.Up && 1 << (result * 8) < value ? 1 : 0);
        }
    }
}

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
// OpenZeppelin Contracts v4.4.1 (utils/introspection/IERC165.sol)

pragma solidity ^0.8.0;

/**
 * @dev Interface of the ERC165 standard, as defined in the
 * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165[EIP].
 *
 * Implementers can declare support of contract interfaces, which can then be
 * queried by others ({ERC165Checker}).
 *
 * For an implementation, see {ERC165}.
 */
interface IERC165Upgradeable {
    /**
     * @dev Returns true if this contract implements the interface defined by
     * `interfaceId`. See the corresponding
     * https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-165#how-interfaces-are-identified[EIP section]
     * to learn more about how these ids are created.
     *
     * This function call must use less than 30 000 gas.
     */
    function supportsInterface(bytes4 interfaceId) external view returns (bool);
}

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